轨道交通与其它交通方式换乘研究.doc

摘 要 自改革开放以来，我国的城市规模和经济建设都有了飞速的发展，城市化进程在逐步加快，大量人员涌入城市，使城市交通面临着严峻的局势。因此各大城市都积极引入具有大、中客运量的地铁和轻轨交通方式，发展和建设以轨道交通为骨干的公共交通网络。同时由于地铁的大载客量，地铁车站往往吸引地面公交、小汽车、自行车等其它交通方式停靠，成为一个大型交通换乘枢纽。因此，各种交通方式能否有效衔接成为整个交通系统优化的核心，换乘系统的优劣是轨道交通能否发挥客运系统主体作用的关键因素。 本文首先简要介绍了轨道交通的发展史，重点分析了我国轨道交通和其他交通方式的换乘现状，揭示了换乘在交通规划、管理方式、换乘设施、换乘距离、学术研究等方面存在的问题。通过借鉴国外轨道交通与其它交通方式换乘的做法，并结合我国换乘问题的规划原则、引导政策和规范标准，探讨我国轨道交通与轨道交通、公交线网、市郊铁路线、地面铁路车站、自行车、私人小汽车等六种交通方式结合的设计思路，并讨论了交通换乘枢纽客流组织的评价方法。 在综合分析轨道交通与各种交通方式换乘问题的基础上，本文重点研究了轨道交通与地面公交的换乘设计思路，给出了地铁站出入口通道数量、换乘通道优化函数、地铁乘客换乘公共汽车步行距离等定量化指标。通过对广州市天河城购物广场地下的体育西路地铁站与附近地面公交换乘问题的调查，根据上述评价指标来分析此地的换乘现状，提出修建地下公交站场进行地下换乘的改善方案。 关键词 轨道交通；地面公交；换乘  Abstract Since the reformation opens, the city scale of our country and the economic have developed very fast, the city’s progress also have turned gradually quickly, a lot of people comes into large cities，making the city traffic faces the rigorous situation. Therefore, large cities are all positive to introduce into the subway that can take a great deal of passengers, developing the public transportation network that regards the subway as the focus. At the same time ,because the subway can carry a great lot of passengers, the subway station always draw on the buses、private cars、bicycles and other methods of traffic to park, becoming a large transportation transfer center. Therefore, whether all kinds of traffic methods can link up effectively become the key factor that whether the whole transportation system can effect very well. First, the paper simply introduces the development history of the subway, analyzing the present condition of our country’s subway transfer to other traffic methods. Following that, the paper reveals the problem of the transfer matter on traffic program, management method, transfer equipment, transfer distance and learning research. By learning the abroad measures on subway transferring to other traffic’s methods, with our country’s programming principle, leading policy, criterion standard on transfer, the pap