人教版高中英语选择性必修第二册课文原文与翻译.docx
人教版(2019)高中英语选择性必修第二册课文原文与翻译
Unit1
Toraisenewquestions,newpossibilities,toregardoldproblemsfromanewanglerequirescreativeimaginationandmarksrealadvanceinscience.
----AlbertEinsteinLeopoldInfeld
译文:提出新的问题,发现新的可能,从新的角度审视已存在的问题,这些需要创造性的想象力,并标志着科学的真正进步。
ReadingandThinking
JOHNSNOWDEFEATS“KINGCHOLERA”
约输·斯诺战胜“霍乱王”
Cholerausedtobeoneofthemostfeareddiseasesintheworld,untilaBritishdoctor.JohnSnow,showedhowitcouldbeovercome.Thisillnesscausesseverediarrhoea,dehydration,andevendeath.Intheearly19thcentury,whenanoutbreakofcholerahitEurope,millionsofpeoplediedfromthedisease.Asayoungdoctor,JohnSnowbecamefrustratedbecausenooneknewhowtopreventortreatcholera.Intime,herosetobecomeafamousdoctor,andevenattendedtoQueenVictoriawhenshegavebirth.
However,heneverlosthisdesiretodestroycholeraonceandforall.
在英国医生约翰·斯诺向人们展示如何战胜霍乱之前,霍乱曾是世界上最令人恐惧的疾病之一。它可导致严重腹泻、脱水甚至死亡。十九世纪初,崔乱暴发,肆虐欧洲,数百万人丧命。由于当时无人知道如何预防或治疗霍乱,年轻的约翰·斯诺医生很沮丧。后来,他成了一位名医。甚至照料分娩的维多利亚女王。然而,他始终没有放弃彻底根除霍乱的愿望
Ingeneral,doctorsinthosedayshadtwocontradictorytheoriestoexplainhowcholeraspread.Onetheorywasthatbadaircausedthedisease.Anotherwasthatcholerawascausedbyaninfectionfromgermsinfoodorwater.Snowsubscribedtothesecondtheory.Itwascorrect,buthestillneededproof.Consequently,whenanoutbreakofcholerahitLondonin1854,Snowbegantoinvestigate.Hediscoveredthatintwoparticularstreetsthecholeraoutbreakwassoseverethat
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morethan500peoplediedintendays.Hewasdeterminedtofindoutwhy
关于霍乱的蔓延方式,当时医生大体上有两种截然不同的看法。一种看法是空气污染引发,另一种看法是食物或饮用水中的细菌感染导致霍乱。斯诺赞同第二种看法。这一看法是正确的,但他仍需要证据。因此,1854年伦敦暴发霍乱时,斯诺便开始调查。他发现霍乱疫情在两条街道上尤为严重,十天内就有500多人死亡。他决心查明原因。
Snowbeganbymarkingonamaptheexactplaceswhereallthosewhodiedhadlived.ThereweremultipledeathsnearthewaterpumpinBroadStreet(especiallyhousenumbers16,37,38,and40).How