耳鼻喉科学-01 绪论.ppt

Introduction The tasks of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology-Head Neck Surgery (ORL-HNS) Study：ORL-HNS and esophagus, trachea and bronchi— anatomy, physiology and diseases 1、The function features of organs in ORL-HNS Special function：audition, olfaction, sense of taste, balance Physiologic function：respiratory function，phonatory function and deglutitory function，immune defensive function. Ordinary diseases：otitis media, rhinitis and sinusitis, pharyngitis and tonsillitis, laryngitis, deafness. Emergency cases：foreign body, traumatism, hematorrhea, laryngeal obstruction … Tumor：carcinoma of nasopharynx, carcinoma of larynx, carcinoma of rhinosinus, carcinoma of middle ear... 2、Relationship with other organs Nose—orbit, anterior cranial fossa, sellar area, oral cavity Ear—middle and posterior skull base, clivus, rhinopharynx Pharynx and larynx—oral cavity, rhinopharynx, trachea and bronchi, esophagus, obstructive sleep apnea syndrom(OSA) Infective focus—rheumatic fever, arthritis, cardiac disorder, nephritis… 3、Development of otorhinolaryngology-head neck surgery： CT, MRI, microscope, endoscope, navigation system, head neck surgery, otoneurosurgery, skull base surgery, audiology, voice medicine and speech pathology.….. Endoscopic sinus surgery ESS Transsphenoid endonasal endoscopic approach Endoscopic optic nerve decompression Endoscopic transnasal orbital decompression Dacryocystorhinostomy Middle cranial fossa approach to the internal auditory canal for resection of intracanalicular acoustic neurinoma Microsurgery of the ear and temporal bone Suboccipital approach to the resection of acoustic neurinoma Otoneurosurgery Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine Robert Bárány 1941 Georg von Békésy 1961 Richard Axel Linda B. Buck 2004 The educational aims of otorhinolaryngology-head neck surgery Aims：mastering methods of examination for ORL-HNS，mastering diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of the diseases in ORL-HNS. Anatomy of the nose External