轮轨论文U71Mn钢轨与车轮材料匹配试验研究.doc

轮轨论文：U71Mn钢轨与车轮材料匹配试验研究 【中文摘要】铁路作为现代交通的一种重要交通工具,在国民经济发展中占有不可替代的重要地位。正因如此,铁路发展目前正受到各国前所未有的重视。但在世界铁路朝高速化和重载化发展的同时,一些关键技术问题则不断出现且有待得到进一步解决,其中最主要也是最根本的轮轨关系中的轮轨材料合理匹配问题尚未得到足够的重视。尤其是在近年铁路高速化和重载化发展以后,面对新的环境,轮轨磨损和疲劳伤损问题更加严重和突出,这将严重影响列车的安全性和可靠性,增大维修时间和费用,降低了铁路运输的经济效益和社会效益。因此,对轮轨材料进行实验室条件下的匹配试验研究对减少轮轨伤损,使铁路运输能够更快更好的发展具有重要的指导意义。本文根据赫兹接触理论,利用MMS-2A微机控制摩擦磨损试验机对三种我国经仿造而生产的车轮材料ER7. AAR-B和AAR-C分别与U71Mn热轧钢轨进行不同模拟载荷下的匹配试验,研究其磨损与接触疲劳损伤性能,并结合光学显微镜(OM)、维氏硬度仪(MVK-H21)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和能谱仪(EDX)等表面分析测试设备研究了干摩擦条件下不同轮轨材料匹配时的滚动接触疲劳与磨损行为,并对轮轨滚动过程中磨损对疲劳裂纹损伤的影响机理进行了分析。得到的主要结果和结论如下：1.试验表明三种车轮材料具有很好的耐磨性能,且材料含碳量越多,硬度越高,在相同载荷下磨损量越小,而对磨轨磨损量则略有增长。2.随着载荷的增加,模拟轮轨的塑性变形加重,磨耗加大,不同轮轨硬度比摩擦副的磨损形貌有较大差异。3.试验证明,轮轨的磨损性能和疲劳性能之间存在明显的相互竞争关系。磨耗损伤严重时,疲劳损伤往往较轻；疲劳损伤严重时,磨耗损伤轻微。 【英文摘要】As an important traffic tool in modern transportation, railway occupies irreplaceable important position in national economic development. For this reason, the development of railway is currently under unprecedented attention in many countries. However, when the railway around the world is developing towards high-speed and heavy-haul, some key technical issues are emerging and need to be further resolved. Among these issues, the reasonable matching of wheel-rail materials in wheel-rail relationship is the most important and fundamental and has not been given sufficient attention. Especially in recent years, facing the new environment of the development of high-speed and heavy-haul, the problem of the wheel-rail wear and fatigue damage is becoming more serious, which will seriously affect the safety and reliability of trains, increasing the maintenance time and costs, reducing economic and social benefits of rail transportation. Therefore, test research on matching of wheel-rail materials in laboratory condition will be significant to reduce wheel-rail damnification and to make the railway transportation develop faster and better.According to the Hertz contact theory, using MMS-2A com