Pharmacology - Our Nursing Future is in YOUR HANDS：药理学是你的手我们护理的未来.doc

Pharmacology Workshop Key  Pharmacology Medication Administration I. Nursing Actions A. Preparing medication 1. Wash hands 2. Check medication order 3. Check expiration date 4. Check label 5. Check patient identity B. Rights 1. Right dose 2. Right drug 3. Right patient 4. Right time 5. Right route C. Teach patient about drug D. Stay with patient until drug is taken E. Give medication within 30 minutes of prescribed time F. Chart immediately G. Observe for therapeutic and adverse effects II. Methods of Administration A. Intramuscular 1. 18-23 gauge; 1-2 inch needle 2. Pull skin taut 3. Inject at 90-degree angle 4. Sites a. Vastus lateralis b. Rectus femoris c. Dorsal gluteal 1) Locate greater trochanter and posterior aspect of the superior iliac crest 2) Draw a diagonal line between the two 3) Inject in the upper aspect of the area d. Ventral gluteal 1) Locate the greater trochanter and the anterior aspect of the iliac crest 2) Make a V with the fingers and administer in that area B. Subcutaneous 1. 25-29 gauge; 3/8 to 1 inch needle 2. Pinch skin 3. 45 degree angle 4. Sites a. Outer aspect of upper arm b. Anterior thigh c. Abdomen: at least one inch from umbilicus C. Intradermal 1. 25-27 gauge; 3/8 to one inch needle 2. Stretch skin taut 3. Do not massage 4. Sites a. Ventral forearm (Tb test) b. Scapula and upper chest (allergy testing) D. Rectal 1. Use glove 2. Moisten suppository with water soluble lubricant 3. Insert tapered end 2 inches 4. Pinch buttocks 5. Retain for at least 10-20 minutes E. Eye medications 1. Client supine with head turned to affected side 2. Place drops in the conjunctival sac 3. Put gentle pressure on the inner canthus F. Ear medications 1. Client on unaffected side 2. Clean outer ear 3. Straighten ear canal a. Adults and older children: up and back b. Infants and toddlers: down and back 4. Instill