WHO-WTO Workshop Differential Pricing and Financing of ：who-wto车间差别定价和融资.ppt

Ellen t Hoen, MSF WHO-WTO Workshop Differential Pricing and Financing of Essential DrugsH?sbj?r, Norway 8-11 April 2001Affordable Medicines for Developing Countries Ellen ‘t Hoen, LL.M. Médecins sans Frontières (MSF) Access to Essential Medicines Campaign 8, rue Saint Sabin 75544 Paris Cedex 11, France E-mail:ellen.t.hoen@ Tel: + 33 1 40 21 28 36 Factors Affecting Access to Essential Medicines RD Production Approval Quality Distribution Drug information, rationale use Diagnosis/prescription/monitoring Price Compliance Pharmacovigilance Consensus Action Is Needed Let us be frank about it: essential and life-saving drugs exist while millions and millions of people cannot afford them. That amounts to a moral problem, a political problem and a problem of credibility for the global market system. Gro Harlem Brundtland, Director General, World Health Organization Every year malaria, tuberculosis and AIDS kill around 6 million people, almost all of them in the developing world. These premature deaths are a reproach to us all. …. Part of the problem is poor countries lack of access to drugs. The poor cannot afford expensive medicines. Keeping an AIDS patient alive for a year can cost up to $15,000 - 24 times the average annual income in Zimbabwe, where one in four adults is HIV-positive. Mike Moore, DG of the World Trade Organization Global Pharmaceutical Market 2002 $406 billion Objective:Equitable Drug Prices The policy of assuring dramatically reduced drug prices so that they are truly affordable to the people who need them A policy that is sustainable (not based on charity or donations) Strengthens developing countries’ autonomy Attracts donor funding Not limited to HIV/AIDS medication only Strategies for Lowering Drug Prices Differential/tiered pricing (market segmentation) by Big Pharma Local production under voluntary licensing agreements Global procurement and distribution system Increased competitiveness in the pharmaceutical market Differen