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高中英语语法形容词和副词介绍.ppt

发布:2017-06-07约5.92千字共28页下载文档
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形容词和副词 一、形容词的语法功能 1.作定语 前置定语: a beautiful picture an honest boy 多个形容词作前置定语时的排列顺序: 限定词+数量形容词+描绘性形容词+大小、长短、高低等形体形容词+新旧+颜色+国籍+材料+用途+被修饰的名词 the pretty little oldest Chinese stone bridge ten strong black plastic bags 后置定语: 少数以a开头的形容词(absent, alike, alive, available) 及其他形容词(concerned, present) 作定语时后置。 He made full use of English reference books available and learned a lot. People concerned will attend the meeting. 由and, or, both…and连接的并列形容词成对使用时。 Everyone, old or young, will take part in the activities. 形容词一般放在被修饰的名词前面作定语,但考生特别要注意形容词放在被修饰词后面的情况: (1)这些形容词,如:alive,afraid,awake,alone,asleep,worth等作定语时,常放于被修饰词的后面。 The baby still asleep might be awake very soon. 仍在睡着的那婴儿可能很快会醒。 (2)形容词在修饰somebody,something,anybody, anything,nobody,nothing等不定代词时,需要后置。 —Is there anything wrong,Bob?You look sad. ——鲍勃,有什么不对吗?你看上去闷闷不乐的。 —Oh,nothing much. In fact,I was just thinking of my friends. ——噢,没什么,其实我只是在想念我的朋友。 (3)形容词后面有介词短语时,必须放在名词后面。 He is a student worthy of praise. 他是个值得表扬的学生。 (4)形容词后面有动词不定式时,必须放在名词后面。 Isn’t it a problem difficult to solve? 这难道不是一个很难解决的问题吗? 2. 作表语 We are hungry. He looks unhappy. 注意: 有的形容词一般只能作表语。 如表示健康状况的:well, unwell, ill, faint 以a开头的:afraid, alone, asleep, ashamed 3. 作宾语补足语 I think the book interesting. He found the work difficult. 4. 作状语 形容词作状语,表示伴随或结果,并不表达动作的方式。 (2008·北京高考)After a long journey,the three of them got back home,hungry and tired. 经过长时间旅行后,他们三人回到了家,又饿又累。 He lay in bed,wide awake. He went to bed, cold and hungry. Funny, he pretends to know what he doesn’t know. 副词的种类 1) 时间副词:now,then,today,later,recently 等; 2) 地点副词:here,there,everywhere,away,off 等; 3) 方式副词:well,hard, happily, nervously, carefully 等; 4) 程度副词:almost,much,(a) little,nearly,rather,too 等; 5) 频度副词:always,often,usually,occasionally,sometimes, hardly,seldom,never 等; 6) 疑问副词:when,where,why,how 等,引导特殊疑问句; 7) 连接副词:where,when,why,how 等,引导主语从句、宾语从句或表语从句; 8) 关系副词:when,where,why 等,引导定语从句; 9) 其他副词:seriously,instead,besides 等。 二、副词的语法功能 1.作定语 Almost everyone has a car in Ame
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