诗歌韵律介绍(文学).doc

Let’s Learn Poetry Lyric poetry is typically characterized by brevity, melody, and emotional intensity. The music of lyrics makes them memorable, and their brevity contributes to the intensity of their emotional expression. Originally designed to be sung to a musical accompaniment (the word lyric derives from the Greek lyre) , lyrics have been the predominant type of poetry in the West for `several hundred years. The tones, moods, and voices of lyric poems are variable and as complexly intertwined as human feeling, thought, and imagination. Generally considered the most compressed poetic type, lyrics typically express much in little: I. Types of Poetry: Narrative poetry(叙事诗)： Epic（史诗）； Ballard(民谣)； Romance（传奇） 2. lyrics （抒情诗） The major forms of lyrics are: (1) Epigram（警句诗） The epigram is a brief witty poem that is often satirical, such as Alexander Popes On the Collar of a Dog. (2) Elegy（挽歌） The elegy is a lament for the dead, such as Thomas Grays Elegy Written in a Country Churchyard. (3) Ode（颂诗） The ode is a long stately poem in stanzas of varied length, meter, and form. An example of the ode is John Keatss Ode to a Nightinggale: (4) Aubude（黎明別歌） The Aubude is a love lyric expressing complaint that dawn a0oaicer must part from his lover. An example of the Aubude is The Sun Rising. (5) sonnet（十四行诗） The sonnet condenses into fourteen lines an expression of emotions or an articulation of idea according to one of two basic patterns: (or Petrarchan ) and the English (or Shakespearean). An Italian sonnet is composed of an eight-line octave and a six-line sonnet A Shakespearean sonnet is composed of three four-line quatrain and a concluding two-line couplet. The thought and feeling in each sonnet form typically follow the divisions suggested by their structural patterns. Thus an Italian sonnet may state a problem in the octave and present a solution in its sestet. A Shakespearean sonnet will usually introduce a subject in the first quatrain, expand or develop it i