第一章 语音知识.doc

语音知识 【语音学习要点： 字母：语言书写形式。英语中有26个字母，其中元音字母有a, e, i, o, u。 音素：字母。英语中有48个音素。 音标：音素的书写符号。国际音标共有48个。 音节：由元音和辅音构成的发音单位。ap-ple, stu-dent, tea-cher, un-der-stand。 开音节： 相对开音节：以辅音字母加不发音的e结尾的音节【（辅音+）元音+辅音+不发音的e】。如name, bike, home. 绝对开音节：以元音字母结尾的音节【辅音+元音】。如：he, go, hi. 闭音节： 单个元音字母后面有辅音字母组成（r w y 除外），且以辅音字母结尾的重读音节。 元音+辅音 元音+辅音+辅音 重读音节：单词中发音特别响亮的音节。 第一节 音标英语的音标共有48个，分为元音和辅音:元音分类表[?] [? ] [? ] [? ] [Λ] [e ] [?] 长元音 [i:] [u: ] [?: ] [З: ] [ɑ:] 双 元 音 [e?] [a?] [??] [? ?] [a? ] [??] [e? ] [?? ] 辅音分类表 成对辅音 清辅音 [p ] [t] [ k] [f ] [? ] [s ] [ts] [tr ] [∫] [t ∫] 浊辅音 [b ] [ d ] [ g ] [v ] [e ] [z ] [dz ] [ dr] [?] [ d ?] 其它辅音 [h ] [ m ] [n] [?] [l ] [r ] [ w ] [j ] Front vowels： [i:]发音字母: e ea ee ie ei 1. be me we he she eat beat please teacher tea meal see feel free tree three piece receive [?] 发音字母 i y e 1. sit fit big pick give miss ill fill think rich which many twenty happy dictionary decide delicious 2. “Tick”the clock says, “tick, tick, tick!” What you have to do, do quick; Time is gliding fast away. For motherland let us do our bit. ( tick/t?k/v.（钟表）滴答 glide/gla?d/ v.消逝) [e] 发音字母 e a ie ea 1.get yet wet neck bed beg ten tell best next head bread sweater breakfast heavy pleasure many any friend 2. Good better, best, Never let it rest; Till good is better, And better best. [?] 发音 a 1. cap map fat had hat mad lack back catch man ran bank act fact hand 2. I met a little boy Jack Who came from a northern land. I couldn’t speak his language, But I took him by the hand. Back vowels [ɑ:] 发音字母 a ar art hard arm march party after army market fast last chance class glass Twinkle, twinkle, little star How I wonder what you are! Up above the world so high, Like a diamond in the sky; Twinkle, twinkle, little star How I wonder what you are! ( twinkle/′tw??kl/v.闪烁 wonder/′w?nd?/v.对…感到好奇 diamond/′da??m?nd/n.钻石 ) [?] 发音字母 o a (/w/ 之后) top shop lock god h