高分子化学名词解释英文.doc

高分子化合物（High Molecular Compound）： the compound which many atom or atom group mainly conbined by covalent bond ,relative molecular weight is above 10^4.单体（Monomer）： The raw material used to form polymer. 重复单元（Repeating Unit）： The smallest basic unit which repeatedly emergence and component are the same in the lagre molecular chain of polymer . 单体单元（Monomer Unit）：结构单元与原料相比，除了电子结构变化外，其原子种类和各种原子的个数完全相同，这种结构单元又称为单体单元。 结构单元（Structural Unit）： The unit monomers formed in the macromolecular chain .聚合度（DP、X n）(Degree of Polymerization) the average number of repeating unit of polymer macromolecular. 聚合物分子量（Molecular Weight of Polymer）： The molecular weight of?repeating units multiplied with the number?of repeating units数均分子量 (Number-average Molecular Weight)： Polymer?molecules?with a different?numberaverage?molecular weight?average molecular weight?of?statistics.重均分子量（Weight-average Molecular Weight）： Using?different molecular weight?polymermolecular?weight?average molecular weight ofthe statistical?average.粘均分子量（Viscosity-average Molecular Weight）： Using viscosity method to measure the molecular weight of polymer.分子量分布（Molecular Weight Distribution, MWD ）： Because?different molecular weight?polymersare generally?composed of?a mixture ofhomologues, it?has a certain?molecular weightdistribution,多分散性（Polydispersity）： Used to express?the size of?the polymermolecular weight?does not?equal?more?technical terms?is called?dispersion.分布指数(Distribution Index) ：The ratio of Molecular Weight and Number-average Molecular Weight。 Represent Polydispersity连锁聚合（Chain Polymerization）： The polymerization that active center initiate monomer ,and then rapidly chain propagate. 逐步聚合（Step Polymerization）： No active center,monomer functional groups react with each other to chain propagation.加聚反应（Addition Polymerization）： Vinyl monomers polymerize by addition.缩聚反应（Condensation Polymerization）：The reaction that monomers polymerize to get macromolecular by repeated condensation.塑料（Plastics）：