平衡功能与本体感觉分析.ppt
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* * * * * 在足底放个软垫子,目的是尽量消弱受试者平衡依赖本体感觉的程度。 * * * 足底放垫子目的是消弱本体感觉对平衡的影响,闭上眼睛目的是去掉视力对平衡的影响,两者结合,得出的结果就是前庭的状态了。 * * * * * * * * * Stroke: shifting toward the sound side to sway less * * * Centered with respect to BoS the Ruffinis endings——4个主要机械感受器之一 Pacinian corpuscles——4个主要机械感受器之一,是存于皮肤中的神经末梢,负责感受振动与压力(对振动与压力敏感) Golgi Mazzoni corpuscles——The term “Golgi-Mazzoni corpuscle” (distinct from the Golgi organ) is used to describe a similar structure found only in the fingertips。与高尔基氏器不同,仅存于手指尖部.[4] Golgi-tendon organs——The Golgi organ (also called Golgi tendon organ, tendon organ, neurotendinous organ or neurotendinous spindle), is a proprioceptive sensory receptor organ that is located at the insertion of skeletal muscle fibers into the tendons of skeletal muscle. It provides the sensory component of the Golgi tendon reflex., Golgi-ligament endings——Golgi ligament endings are sensitive to tension and stretch on ligaments, muscle spindles * nociceptive and nonnociceptive——伤害性感受器和非伤害性感受器 /ortho2/ortho2-09.htm 本体感觉训练原则、方法 提高本体感觉感受器的功能 渐进式训练:硬度、面积、附加任务 用于老年人、下肢损伤患者的康复训练 * 当关节运动达到极限时,关节感受器最敏感。因此本体感觉的训练设备应该允许最大可能范围的闭链关节运动,而不会发生显著的伤害风险。 动态条件下,稳定性测量中的运动训练设置具有多项功能。稳定性得分的潜在用途包括确定受伤程度,判定康复进展以及外部支撑技术的效果。 * * 动态模式的PROKIN系统是一个用于发展本体感觉评价和康复训练方法的有效平台 * * * * * * * The somatosensory system provides information related to body position by proprioceptive receptors. * 如果一个被检查者站在一个墙壁可移动的活动房中间,当墙壁向他靠近或远离他时身体都出现明显的晃动。当墙壁向远离方向(前方)移动时,被检查者产生错觉,以为自己此时正向后晃动。为了维持身体的平衡,被检查者通过主动向前晃动作为反应。反之亦然。这个实验说明视觉信息影响站立时身体的稳定性。 In order to illustrate the role of vision: stand up and look up at the ceiling; close the eyes and ‘look’ at the ceiling again and observe the increase in postural sway stand with one foot heel to toe in front of the other, balance for about 10 seconds; close the eyes and balance for another 10 seconds; experience the increase in postural sway. 提供身体与周围环境相对运动的信息 提示身体是否会撞上什么物品 * In the moving room experiment of Lee and Aronson (1974), the walls and ceiling, but not the floor, cou
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