倒装句 英语语法课件.ppt

* * 倒装句 1. 倒装句的定义 英语最基本的词序（Word Order）是主语在谓语动词的前面这叫 做自然语序（Natural Word Order）。如果把谓语动词放在主语前 面，就叫做倒装（Inverted Word Order）。 2. 倒装的原因 句子语法结构的需要。一般疑问句、选择疑问句、反意疑问句和 感叹疑问句等。例如：Long live peace! 和平万岁！ Is this the first time you’ve been there? Did you have a large room or small room? These two paintings are alike, aren’t they? b) 一些句型的固定用法。例如：Such were his last words. 他最后的话就是这样。 c）强调的需要。倒装以后，句子更加流畅生动。例如：Before us lay a lot of difficulties. Often did we warn them not to do so. 3. 倒装句的构成及基本用法 倒装分完全倒装（Full Inversion）和部分倒装(Partial Inversion) 完全倒装：将句子的主语和谓语完全颠倒过来，称之为完全倒装。 下列情况需进行完全倒装： 在以here, there, now, then, in, away, up ，down等副词开头的 句子中: Away went the crowd one by one. Here comes our teacher! Now comes the chance. There are just a few students in the classroom. Then came the man we had been looking for. ★★但如果主语是人称代词，主语和谓语不须倒装。例如：There he comes. Away they hurried. 2）在方式状语thus开头的句子中 Thus ended his life. 这样结束了他的生命。 3) 把表语或表示方位的状语提置句首时 South of the city lies a big factory. Present are Mr Li,my best friend ,Dr.Wang,my boss and his wife. ★使用完全倒装的句子只有两种时态，即一般现在时和一般过去时， 也就是谓语由一个单词（且表位移的动词见多）构成。 4). 如果直接引语后注明是什么人说的，而且主语是名词时，需要 完全倒装；主语是代词时，一般不用倒装。 “I wonder,” said John, “whether I can borrow your bike.” “The radio is too loud,” complained my father. “It’s very good.” he said. B. 部分倒装(Partial Inversion)???只把谓语的中的助动词、系动词或情态动词移至主语之前，谓语 的其他部分仍保留在主语的后面，称之为部分倒装。下列情况需进 行部分倒装： 1)句首的状语若是由often开头或副词only+状语（副词，介词短语或状语从句等）放在句首时: Often did I tell him not to make trouble. Only yesterday did he find out that his watch was missing. Only after a year did I begin to see the results of my work. 2) 含有否定意义的副词或连词（如little, scarcely, barely， rarely, seldom，never, no sooner…than， not only, hardly…when…, 等）放在句首时 Not only did we lose our money, but we also came close to losing our lives. Never will I make that mistake again. No sooner had I gone out than he came to see me. Not until 10 o’clock will the library open. Hardly had t