cooperative adaptation to establishment of a synthetic bacterial mutualism合作建立一个适应合成细菌共生.pdf

Cooperative Adaptation to Establishment of a Synthetic Bacterial Mutualism 1 1 2 1 3 Kazufumi Hosoda , Shingo Suzuki , Yoshinori Yamauchi , Yasunori Shiroguchi , Akiko Kashiwagi , 1 2 1,4 Naoaki Ono , Kotaro Mori , Tetsuya Yomo * 1 Department of Bioinformatic Engineering, Graduate School of Information Science and Technology, Osaka University, Suita, Japan, 2 Department of Frontier Biosciences, Graduate School of Frontier Biosciences, Osaka University, Suita, Japan, 3 Faculty of Agriculture and Life Science, Hirosaki University, Hirosaki, Japan, 4 Exploratory Research for Advanced Technology (ERATO), Japan Science and Technology Agency, Suita, Japan Abstract To understand how two organisms that have not previously been in contact can establish mutualism, it is first necessary to examine temporal changes in their phenotypes during the establishment of mutualism. Instead of tracing back the history of known, well-established, natural mutualisms, we experimentally simulated the development of mutualism using two genetically-engineered auxotrophic strains of Escherichia coli, which mimic two organisms that have never met before but later establish mutualism. In the development of this synthetic mutualism, one strain, approximately 10 hours after meeting the partner strain, started oversupplying a metabolite essential for the partner’s growth, eventually leading to the successive growth of both strains. This cooperative phenotype adaptively appeared only after encountering the partner strain but before the growth of the strain itself. By transcriptome analysis, we found that the cooperative p