高考英语如何猜测单词含义.ppt

知 识 构 建 大纲要求：根据上下文判断某些词汇和短语的意义。 测试方式：一是阅读理解中有3%的生词（不包括根据构词法可以推断词义的词），可能会对正确理解文意造成障碍；二是阅读理解设题中设有猜测词义题，所设的词汇或短语可能是熟悉的，也有可能是不熟悉的。 考 查 形 式 1. The phrase “…” in the “…”could be replaced by . 2. The word “…” in the third paragraph refers to . 3. What is the meaning of the underlined word in the passage? 4. Which of the following is closest in meaning to the phrase“ … ”？ 5. The word “…”most likely means . 能 力 提 升 生词本身 内在逻辑联系 针对性解释 经验常识 生 词 本 身 点拨：有些英语单词是根据英语构词法的一些规则构成的，根据学过的词法知识可以推测出他们所构成的新词的词义。 分析unforeseeable unforeseeable un fore see able 1、根据对比关系推测词义 注意一些表示意思转折的词和短语：though, as, although, despite, while, in spite of ,still , but, yet , while, on the contrary, in contrast, on the other hand, unlike, not, instead等。 例1： A good manager can recognize instantly the adept workers from the unskilled ones. 2、根据同类关系推测词义 3、根据同位语推测词义 4、根据因果关系推测词义 例2：The plant is often pruned so that it remains only 60 to 90 centimeters high. Pruning is important to the growth of tender shoots, of young leaves. A. regular cutting of the plants B. frequent watering C. regular use of chemicals D. growing the plant high in the mountain 5、根据举例推测词义 例2：Grown-ups also have a sense of object permanence. We know that if we put a box in a room and lock the door, the box will still be there when we come back. ( 04 北京 D) A. still exists B. keeps its shape C. still stays solid D. is beyond reach 6、根据上下文推测词义 1、根据定义推测词义 例2：“ecopassages” may help animals cross the road without being hurt by cars. They are paths both over and under roads. (05 浙江 , B) A. an underground path for cars B. a fence built for the safety of the area C. a bridge for animals to get over a river D. a pass for animals to cross the road 2、根据定语从句推测词义 经 验 常 识 巩 固 训 练 1、Growing economic problems were highlighted by a slowdown in oil output. 2、Unlike h