英语网考B语法结构英语网考B语法结构.doc
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第部分Lucy is an American girl .
We study in No.1 Middle School . 谓 语 说明主语“做什么”、“是什么”或者“怎么样”。谓语(谓语部分里主要的词)用动词。谓语和主语在“人称”和“数”两方面必须一致 We love China .
She is singing .
Mike hopes to be a doctor .
His parents are farmers . 表 语 说明主语是什么或者怎么样,由名词、形容词或相当于名词或形容词的词或短语等充当,和连系动词一起构成谓语。 Her aunt is a driver .
Are you ready ?
We were at home last night . 句子成分 意 义 例 句 宾 语 表示动词、行为的对象,由名词、代词或相当于名词的词、短语等充当,和及物动词一起说明主语做什么。 He often helps me .
We study English at school.
Did you see him yesterday ? 定 语 用来修饰名词或代词。作定语的除形容词外,还有代词、数词、名词、介词短语或相当于形容词的词或短语等。 The black bike is mine.
What’s your name, please ?
We have four lessons in the morning ? 状 语 用来修饰动词、形容词或副词。一般表示行为发生的时间、地点、目的、方式、程度等意义,通常由副词、介词短语或相当于副词的词或短语等来表示。 People are all working hard.
It is very nice.
We had a meeting this afternoon . 宾语补足语 英语中有些及物动词,除有一个直接宾语以外,还有一个宾语补语,才能使句子的意义完整。这类词有:make, consider, cause, see, find, call, get, have, let等。 He made me very angry.
I find him a good boy . 句子的种类
1.英语中按使用目的或功用分为四类:陈述句、疑问句、祈使句、感叹句。
A.陈述句
陈述句说明一个事实或陈述一个人的看法。陈述句分为肯定陈述句和否定陈述句两种。
a.陈述句的肯定式。I have already posted the photos. / They are students. / I must go now . / He was reading a book at 8:00 last night.
b.陈述句的否定形式。
(1)谓语动词是系动词be, 助动词have, will, shall, be或情态动词,只须在其后面加not构成否定句。
She isn’t a student . / He hasn’t been to the Great Wall . / I can not swim . / You will not go there tomorrow. / They aren’t sleeping .
(2)若谓语动词是实义动词,在实义动词前加上do not,第三人称单数现在时用does not,过去时用did not。
He didn’t send me an invitation .
(3)由具有否定含义的词never, nobody, hardly, little, dislike, seldom, few, too…to等构成的否定句。
Not all the books in our school library can be renewed .
B. 疑问句。
疑问句提出问题。英语中有四种疑问句:一般疑问句、特殊疑问句、选择疑问句和反意疑问句。
a.一般疑问句:以一个助动词、情态动词、动词be或have开始,语调为升调,通常要求以yes或no回答的疑问句。
(1)一般疑问句的基本结构:
Be动词(is, am, are, was, were)+主语+表语…?
Have动词(表示“有”:have, has, had)+主语+宾语…?
情态动词(can, may, must等)+主语+行为动词或be…?
助动词(do, does, did)+主语+行为动词…?
助动词(shall, will, have, has)+主语+行为动词…?
(2)否定形式的疑
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