skin test reactivity to indoor allergens correlates with asthma severity in jeddah, saudi arabia皮试反应室内过敏原与哮喘严重程度在吉达,沙特阿拉伯.pdf

Original Article Skin Test Reactivity to Indoor Allergens Correlates with Asthma Severity in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia Emad A. Koshak, MD, FRCPSC Abstract Background: There is increased emphasis on the role of indoor allergens in asthma. Objective: To examine the spectrum of skin test reactivity (sensitization) to indoor allergens and its cor- relation with asthma severity in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. Methods: Asthmatic patients referred to the allergy clinic at King Abdulaziz University Hospital (KAUH) in Jeddah were studied. Measures of clinical severity were adopted from national and international asthma guidelines.The degree of sensitization was assessed by the wheal size (positive ≥ 3 mm) from standard skin-prick tests for the following common indoor inhalant allergens: house dust mites (Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus [Dp] and Dermatophagoides farinae [Df]), cat, and cockroach. Results: Skin test results from 113 of 151 (74.8%) asthmatic patients were positive for one or more aller- gens. The patients’ ages ranged between 9 and 63 years (mean, 30 ± 13 years), and females consti- tuted 65.5%. The predominant asthma severity level was moderate persistent (55.8%), followed by mild persistent (33.6%). The prevalences of sensitization to indoor allergens were as follows: Dp, 87% (3–25 mm [mean, 7 mm]); Df, 84% (3–20 mm [mean, 7 mm]); cat, 44% (3–15 mm [mean, 6 mm]); and cockroach, 33% (3–12 mm [mean, 4 mm]). Higher asthma severity levels were significantly correlated with the number of allergens with positive sensitization (R = 0.3, p .001) and with the degree of sen- sitization to house dust mites (Dp [degrees of freedom {df} = 16, p .001] and Df [df = 17, p .01]) but not to cat (df = 10, p .24) or cockroach (df = 8, p .36). Conclusions: Immunoglobulin E–mediated skin test reactivity to indoor allergens, particularly to house dust mites, was common in asthmatic patients from Jeddah at KAUH. Increased sensitization was asso- ciated with