河北省石家庄市井陉矿区贾庄镇学区贾庄中学九年级英语复习课件句子成分 (共29张PPT).ppt
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* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * 初中英语语法复习专题 英语句子成分 学习目标 1.了解句子成分的定义 2.句子成分有哪些? 有什么作用? 通常由什么词充当? 位置在哪里? 3.学习划分句子成分。 4.利用成分翻译句子 句子成分 构成句子的各个部分叫做句子成分。 主语、谓语、表语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语、状语、同位语和插入语。 主语:(Subject) 表示句子说的是什么人,什么物或什么事. 是一个句子所叙述的主体,一般位于句首。 由名词、代词、数词、动词不定式、动词ing、 the+形容词和主语从句等表示。 1.During the 1990s, American country music has become more and more popular. 2.We often speak English in class. 3.One-third of the students in this class are girls。 4.To swim in the river is a great pleasure. 5.Smoking does harm to the health. 6.The rich should help the poor. (名词) (代词) (数词) (不定式) (动名词) (名词化的形容词) 7.When we are going to have an English test has not been decided. 8.It is necessary to master a foreign language. (主语从句) (it作形式主语,真正的主语为后面的不定式) 谓语 (Predicate) 说明主语做什么、是什么或(是)怎样。 只有动词才可以作谓语,一般放在主语之后。 谓语的构成如下: 1、简单谓语:由一个动词或动词短语构成。如: He practices running every morning. The plane took off at ten o’clock. 2、复合谓语: (1)由情态动词加动词原形构成。如: You may keep the book for two weeks. (2)由助动词加动词原形,现在分词,过去分词构成。如: Do you speak English? They are working in a field. He has caught a bad cold. (3)由系动词加表语构成。如: We are students. 注意:谓语与主语在人称与数方面要保持一致。 表语(Predicative) 用以说明主语的性质、特征、状态与身份(主补), 它一般位于系动词之后。 表语一般由名词、代词、形容词、数词、 副词、 动词不定式、动词ing、介词短语及表语从句表示。 例如: 1.Our teacher of English is an American.(名词) 2.Is it yours?(代词) 3.The weather has turned cold.(形容词) 4.Three times seven is twenty one?(数词) 5.His job is to teach English.(动词不定式) 6.His hobby is playing football.(动词ing) 7.My book is on the desk.(介词短语) 8.Time is up. The class is over.(副词) 9.The truth is that he has never been abroad. (表语从句) 系动词(Linking verb) be(是) 可以和be 互换,意思相近的动词 turn ,get , become keep, stay feel, smell, sound ,look, taste seem 宾语(Object) 表示动作的对象或承受者,可能是某人、某物或某事。 位于及物动词和介词后面。 1.They helped the old with their housework yesterday. 2.He tried not to smoke. 3
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