四级公路标准设计和施工放样 学位论文.doc

题目：四级公路标准设计和施工放样 摘要 测量的工作包括内业和外业，本文主要阐述外业的内容，即施工放线。测量放样工作应遵循从整体到局部的原则，先进行控制测量，再进行细部放样测量。通过控制测量，建立起平面控制点和高程控制点与工程构造物特征点之间的平面位置和高程的几何联系。bstract Measurement of work included within the industry and outside the industry, this article focuses on Field content, namely construction line. Measurement Lofting shall follow from the principle of the whole to the part, making controlled measurements, then setting out survey in detail. By controlling the measurement, establishment of plane control points and height between locus of control and project structure features of the geometric relation of position and altitude. To make students understand the digestive contents of classroom teaching in measurement Lofting, consolidate and deepen theoretical knowledge learned in the classroom, master the layout process, this paper mainly introduces the construction survey data as well as various road sections and structures in construction survey method ensures that students in the setting out of process a accurate perception and work. Key words: construction Lofting calculation procedure 目录 一. 绪论……………………………………………………………………………………………………6 1.1论文研究的背景……………………………………………………………………………………6 1.2研究的目的和意义…………………………………………………………………………………6 1.3研究的内容…………………………………………………………………………………………6 1.4研究的技术路线和方法……………………………………………………………………………7 二.设计资料概况…………………………………………………………………………………………7 2.1数据采集……………………………………………………………………………………………7 2.2地形图的绘制………………………………………………………………………………………10 2.3线路设计……………………………………………………………………………………………11 2.3.1线路平面布置…………………………………………………………………………………11 2.3.2纵断面布置……………………………………………………………………………………11 2.3.3横断面布置……………………………………………………………………………………11 2.3.4结构物设置……………………………………………………………………………………11 三.施工放样的数据计算…………………………………………………………………………………11 3.1中桩坐标的理论计算………………………………………………………………………………11 3.1.1计算导线点的坐标……………………………………………………………………………11 3.1.2未设缓和曲线上计算中桩坐标………………………………………………………………12 3.1.3设置了缓和曲线上计算中桩坐标……………………………………………………………13 3.1.4直线段上计算中桩坐标………………………………………………………………………14 3.2中桩坐标软件计