英语论文写作--主体段落写作.ppt

主体段落拓展;主体段落的结构;1)Incomplete

2)Shouldnotbeaquestion

3)Shouldnotcontainphraseslike“Ithink”,“Inmyopinion”,etc.

;

一个段落是由主题句和扩展句共同构成的。扩展句是对主题句的延伸或证明。它们之间的关系构成一个段落好坏的关键。

扩展句和主题句之间至少要注意以下两点：

第一，意义的一致性相关性(unity〕；

第二，逻辑的连贯性(coherence)。

;所谓的意义的一致性指的是所有的扩展句都必须是主题句的延伸或者证明，它对主题句能起到支持的作用。否那么，这样的扩展句就应当删除掉。;实现意义的连贯一般采取两种手段：

1)逻辑的连贯

2)过渡词的使用

;拓展过程中经常出现的问题：;1、跑题

Thereportindicatesthatbabiesoffatherswhosmokearelikelytobesmallerandweakerthanbabiesofnon-smokingfathers.Ofcourseitisalreadywellknownthatpregnantwomenwhosmokecandamagethehealthoftheirbabies.Mysistersmokedtwentycigarettesadaywhenshewasexpectingherfirstchild.Anotherworryingpointisthatsmokingjustbeforethestartofthepregnancycanaffectthebabylater.Iheardrecentlythatcertainfoodsharmunbornbabies.

;2、岔题

Themainschoolbuildingcontainsmostoftheclassrooms.Thatwasour“secondhome”,theplacewheremyclassmatesandIworked,studied,andlearnedforthreeyears.Beyondthatisthesciencebuilding.That’swherewedidallourlaboratoryworkforchemistryandphysics.Ontherightsideofsciencebuildingisalibrary,wheretherearealargecollectionofbooksandperiodicalsforustoread.Sinceourteacherswererichinknowledgeandtaughtusveryearnestly,wehadalwaysdonebetterthanstudentsofotherschoolsinjointexaminations.;3、重复

WatchingTVtoomuchisharmfultoyoureyes.IfyoustayinfrontofTVfortoolongtimeyoureyesmightgethurt.Youwillbenear-sighted.Youcannotseeclearlywhenyouread.Youevencannotseeclearlyafriendwhenyoumeethiminstreet.

;4、片面

OurschoolisanArmyschool,sowemustobeymanyrules.Becauseofthis，myhouseisspecialinsomeways.First,ourhouseisveryclean,havenopieceofpaperontheground.Everythinginmyhouseisneat.Perhapssomeotherhouseisdirty,butifmyhouseisdirtywewouldbepunishedandforcedtocleanit.

;拓展的主要方法：;列举法〔Listing〕;列举法作