constitutive activation of the midgut response to bacillus thuringiensis in bt-resistant spodoptera exigua中肠的组成性激活应对苏云金杆菌bt-resistant spodoptera exigua.pdf

Constitutive Activation of the Midgut Response to Bacillus thuringiensis in Bt-Resistant Spodoptera exigua ´ ´ 1 1 1 2 Patricia Hernandez-Martınez , Gloria Navarro-Cerrillo , Silvia Caccia , Ruud A. de Maagd , 3¤ ´ 1 1 1 William J. Moar , Juan Ferre , Baltasar Escriche , Salvador Herrero * ` 1 Department of Genetics, Universitat de Valencia, Burjassot, Spain, 2 Plant Research International B.V., Wageningen University and Research Centre, Wageningen, The Netherlands, 3 Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama, United States of America Abstract Bacillus thuringiensis is the most effective microbial control agent for controlling numerous species from different insect orders. The main threat for the long term use of B. thuringiensis in pest control is the ability of insects to develop resistance. Thus, the identification of insect genes involved in conferring resistance is of paramount importance. A colony of Spodoptera exigua (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) was selected for 15 years in the laboratory for resistance to XentariTM, a B. thuringiensis-based insecticide, reaching a final resistance level of greater than 1,000-fold. Around 600 midgut ESTs were analyzed by DNA-macroarray in order to find differences in midgut gene expression between susceptible and resistant insects. Among the differentially expressed genes, repat and