外文翻译--节水灌溉.doc

河 北 农 业 大 学 本科毕业（设计）论文 外文文献翻译 学 院： 城乡建设学院 专业班级： 农业水利工程0901班 学 号： 2009224010113 学生姓名： 周飞 指导教师姓名： 高惠嫣 指导教师职称： 讲师 二零一三 年 三 月Water-saving irrigation 1. Existing water-saving irrigation methodsIrrigation methods, field water distribution method is how to have been sent to the farms, the irrigation water is evenly distributed to the active layer of the crop root. Irrigation water is the means by which to enter the active layer of roots, irrigation methods can be divided into surface irrigation, sprinkler irrigation, micro-irrigation and underground irrigation.1.1 surface irrigationSurface irrigation is an ancient traditional irrigation method, in general, it is as compare whether water-saving basis points. Surface irrigation technology are constantly develop and constantly improve, so there are many more water-efficient than traditional surface irrigation technology.1.1.1 new furrow irrigation toolsTraditional furrow irrigation with artificial opening from the distribution channel water into the furrow, it is neither accurate and inconvenient, and often cause the field of water loss due to water port leakage countries have already adopted the siphon (for open channel water ) or gate hole pipe (aqueduct) drainage, China has done a number of tests, proven to improve field water utilization rate of 5% to 10%.1.1.2 surge irrigationModern foreign developed wave Chung (groove) border irrigation or intermittent ditch (furrow) irrigation, traffic control into the ditch (furrow) is intermittent water and then put a period of time (a few minutes or tens of minutes) to field stop the water for some time (a few minutes or tens of minutes), and so forth, so that you can make along the ditch (furrow) the length direction of the water distribution is more uniform. Fields of water utilization up to 80% to 90%.Film hole irrigation (also known as the film