主动语态被动语态摘要.ppt

1.organize [‘?rɡ?na?z] 组织 2.respect[r?‘spekt] 尊重 3. observe [?b‘z??v] 观察 4.inspire [?n‘spa??] 激励 5. support [s?‘p??t] 支持 6. look down upon看不起 7.deliver[d?‘l?v?] 接生，投递 8. discuss[d?‘sk?s] 讨论 9.equip[?‘kw?p] 配备 10.export [?k‘sp??t; ek-; ’ek-] 出口 11.confuse [k?n‘fju?z] 使……疑惑 12.encourage [?n‘k?r?d?; en-]鼓励 英语的两大语态：主动语态和被动语态 A.主动语态中主语是谓语动词的发出者。宾语是谓语动词的对象。 B.被动语态中主语是谓语动词的承受者(动作的对象)。 (把主动语态改为被动语态也就是把主动句中的宾语改为被动句的主语，这是最关键的着眼点，同时谓语动词作相应的变化。) 被动语态的谓语构成:　助动词be＋动词过去分词 什么时候要用被动语态呢？ 在下列三种情况之一要用被动语态： ①不知道动作的执行者是谁，用被动语态。 ②没有必要指出谁是动作的执行者，用被动语态。 ③需要强调动作的承受者时，用被动语态 各种时态的主动语态和被动语态谓语结构对照表 这些专家在他们业余时间经常组织音乐会。 These experts often organize concerts in their spare time. Concerts are organized by these expert in their spare time. 我将尊重你的建议（为了我们的工程）。 I will respect your suggestions (for our project). Your suggestions will be respected by me (for our project). 这个生物老师昨天在实验室里观察蚂蚁。 This biology teacher observed ants in the lab yesterday. Ants were observed by this biology teacher in the lab yesterday. 这些教授们正在讨论这个项目。 These professors are discussing this project. This project are being discussed by these professors. 昨天八点一个老师和他的学生在打扫教室。 A teacher and his students were cleaning the classroom at 8 o’clock yesterday. The classroom was being cleaned by a teacher and his students at 8 o’clock yesterday. 在我来之前，她已经给教室配备了电脑。 Before I came here, she had equipped the classroom with computers. Before I came here, the classroom had been equipped with computers. Was built has been visited will be given are being done hasn’t been sent was used happened will be completed have taken place; was founded been laughed at are needed 在被动语态中要注意的问题 　　在上面我们已经初步了解了被动语态的构成和主动变被动的方法。下面 我们接着学习在被动语态中要注意的问题。 　　①一些使役动词(let, have, make等)或感观动词(see, hear, watch, notice等)在主动语态中后面接的动词不定式不带to，但改为被动语态时，要 补上to。如： The boss makes the workers work 18 hours a day. The workers are made to work 18 hours a day by the boss. I saw him enter the house. He was seen to enter the house by me. The teacher let them