环境卫生考研试卷2（Environmental health examination paper 2）.doc

环境卫生考研试卷2（Environmental health examination paper 2） One, the noun explanation 1. Environmental hygiene (environmentalhealth/environmentalhygiene) : is the study of the relationship between the natural environment and living environment and people health science, reveals the environment factors on the occurrence and development law of the people health, to make full use of the environment beneficial factors and control of enironmental risk factors health requirements and prevention countermeasures, enhance human health, improve the level of overall population health science. Food chain: a species that is used as food by another organism, which is then fed by a third organism, which is called a food chain. 3. The biological effective dose (biologicallyeffectivedose) : refers to the absorption and metabolism of active, transshipment to organs, tissues, cells and the cellular or molecular target areas or alternative target amount of pollutants. 4. Biological earth chemical disease (biogeochemicaldisease) : refers to because of the uneven distribution of the elements in the crust, make individual excessive or lack of trace elements in some areas is beyond the scope of the body to adapt and lead to animal and plant and characteristic of the regional disease among those at risk. 5. (environmentalpollution) : environmental pollution when discharged into environment quantity or concentration of waste more than the environment self-purification capability, environmental degradation and deterioration, affect human body health, referred to as the environmental pollution. 6. Temperaturise (temperatureinversion) : atmospheric temperature increases with the height of the ground. 7. Biological amplification (biomagnification) : the transfer of environmental pollutants through the food chain and increase in the concentration of the organism, step by step in the concentration of the high trophic level organisms than in low nutrient level of organism concentration increased many times