基于视频分析的电力铁塔监控-交通信息工程及控制专业论文.docx

摘要 针对传统的人力进行电力铁塔的巡检，容易受天气、地理条件的影响，安全 隐患大且人力成本过高的问题。本文提出了一种基于视频分析的电力铁塔的监控 系统。本系统能够完成对电力线的覆冰、电力线的摆动、电力线的风偏、电力线 的弧垂、电力线下方障碍物、铁塔附近的降雨强度和铁塔附近的异物入侵七大功 能的实时检测。 本文通过视频传感器采集图像，综合应用数字图像处理技术，研究了电力线 在数字图像中的特点。通过对电力线的特征提取，可以完成电力线覆冰检测、线 摆检测和风偏检测的功能。在弧垂检测的算法中，研究了通过图像中的部分电力 线恢复出完整的电力线的方法，使得检测结果更加的准确。通过多个不同位置对 电力线下方道路上的障碍物对电力线产生的潜在威胁进行检测，避免了由于二维 图像中，远处的运动物体对系统造成干扰的影响。对降雨强度的检测采用了改进 的三帧差法，此方法能很明显的区分大雨、中雨和小雨的差别。研究了利用直方 图统计和固定阈值连通域的判断来进行铁塔附近异物入侵的检测。实验表明，本 系统能够很好地完成电力铁塔的实时在线监控，对电力铁塔的检测和测量结果的 精度都能达到电力铁塔安全规约的标准要求，其中对覆冰的检测可以达到毫米级， 对电力线下方障碍物、铁塔附近降雨强度和异物入侵检测的准确率都在百分之九 十以上。本系统通过软硬件结合的方式，构建了一个稳定、实用、实时的电力铁 塔监控系统。 关键词：电力线 铁塔 实时检测 视频分析 监控 Abstract The traditional detection of electric power transmission tower by labor is influenced by weather and geographical conditions which has potential safety hazard and high price. This essay puts forward a monitoring system of electric power transmission tower based on video analysis. The system can inspect the icing, swing, windage yaw, sag, obstacles below the power line as well as rainfall intensity and intrusion of foreign objects around tower. The essay researches the features of electric line in digital image to inspect icing, sag and windage yaw of powerline by feature extraction. In sag checking, the studies make the checking more accurate through recovering the whole line by research part of it. It also proposes the methods of inspecting safety threats from the obstacles on the road under the line and avoids the interferences to the monitoring system caused by the far-distance moving things in 2D-image by means of checking on several positions. As for the rainfall intensity detection, it adopts the modified Three Frame Differencing which can distinguish heavy rain, moderate rain and light rain very effectively. Hist and Fixed Threshold Connected Domain are applied to detect the intrusion of foreign objects. The experience shows that the system can complete real-time online monitoring of power towers very well. Power line parameter measurement accura