直流调速系统的仿真研究讲述.doc
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直流调速系统的仿真研究
摘 要
随着电力电子器件的迅速发展,采用门极可关断晶体管GTO、全控电力晶体管GTR、P-MOSFET、绝缘栅晶体管IGBT等一些大功率全控型器件组成的晶体管脉冲调宽型开关放大器(Pulse Width Modulated),已逐步发展成熟,用途越来越广。在电力拖动系统中,调节电压的直流调速是应用最广泛的一种调速方法,除了利用晶闸管整流器获得可调直流电压外,还可利用其它电力电子元件的可控性,采用晶闸管调制技术,直接将恒定的直流电压调制成极性可变,大小可调的直流电压,用以实现直流电动机电枢两端电压的平滑调节,构成直流调速系统。本文主要讨论了开、单、双直流调速系统的基本概念以及静态稳态特性。最后应用MATLAB的Simulink,采用面向电气原理结构图的仿真技术,对直流调速系统进行了仿真分析。
关键词:调速,直流电动机,仿真
Dc speed control system simulation research
Abstract
With the rapid development of power electronic devices, the use of gate turn-off transistor GTO, full-controlled power transistor GTR, P-MOSFET, IGBT insulated gate transistors and some other high-power devices composed of full-controlled pulse width modulated switching transistor amplifier (Pulse Width Modulated), has gradually developed, use more widely. In the electric drive system, the regulation voltage DC converter is the most widely used as a speed control method, in addition to the use of adjustable DC voltage thyristor rectifier obtained, it can also make use of other power electronic components controllability, using thyristor modulation technology, direct modulation of a constant DC voltage into alternating polarity, size adjustable DC voltage, the DC motor armature to achieve the smooth adjustment of the voltage across constitute DC drive system. This paper discusses the open, single, double DC speed control system as well as the basic concepts of static steady state characteristics. Finally the application of MATLAB Simulink, structure-oriented electrical schematic diagram of the simulation technology, the DC speed control system is simulated and analyzed.
Key words: speed regulation, DC motor, simulation
1 引言
调速方法通常有机械的、电气的、液压的、气动的几种,仅就机械与电气调速方法而言,也可采用电气与机械配合的方法来实现速度的调节。电气调速有许多优点,如可简化机械变速机构,提高传动效率,操作简单,易于获得无极调速,便于实现远距离控制和自动控制,因此,在生产机械中广泛采用电气方法调速。
由于直流电动机具有极好的运动性能和控制特性,尽管它不如交流电动机那样结构简单、价格便宜、制造方便、维护容易,但是长期以来,直流调速系统一直占据垄断地位。就目前来看,直流调速系统仍然是自动调速系统的主要形式。在我国许多工业部门,如海洋钻探、纺织、轧钢、矿山、采掘、金属加工、造纸以及高层建筑等需要高性能可控电力拖动的场合,
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