2016-2017学年高中英语 Unit 1 Great scientists Section Ⅳ Grammar Writing课件 新人教版必修5.ppt

Section Ⅳ　Grammar Writing 过去分词作定语、表语 【课文原句感知】 1．But he became ________when he thought about helping ordinary people________to cholera. 答案：　inspired；exposed 2．From the stomach the disease quickly attacked the body and soon the ________person died. 答案：　affected 3．He found that it came from the river________by the dirty water from London. 答案：　polluted 4．Nicolaus Copernicus was ________and his mind was________. 答案：　frightened；confused 5．He placed a________sun at the centre of the solar system with the planets going round it and only the moon still going round the earth. 答案：　fixed 【语法知识储备】 一、过去分词作定语 1．过去分词作定语时，其语法功能相当于一个定语从句。 At that time，such thing was a forbidden topic to be talked about (＝ a topic which was forbidden to be talked about)． 那时，这样的事情是一个被禁止谈论的话题。 2．过去分词作定语时的位置。 (1)一般情况下，单个过去分词作前置定语，即放在所修饰词之前。有时为了表示强调，也可放在所修饰词之后。 Many used cars will be sold in this market.(前置定语) 很多二手车将在这个市场出售。 In many countries，words spoken are different from words written. (后置定语)在很多国家，口头用语与书面用语有区别。 (2)过去分词短语作定语时往往作后置定语，即放在所修饰词之后。 The student dressed in white is my daughter. (＝The student who is dressed in white is my daughter.) 穿白色衣服的学生是我的女儿。 辨析：三种非谓语形式作定语 The gym built last year opens to the public now. 去年建的体育馆现在已向公众开放。 The swimming pool being built belongs to our school. 正在建造的游泳池属于我们学校。 The dam to be built next year belongs to our village. 明年要建的大坝是我们村的。 3．过去分词作定语的时态和语态意义。 (1)及物动词的过去分词作定语通常表示被动和完成，即被修饰词通常是过去分词所表示的动作的承受者，该动作已经完成。 He is a student loved by all.他是个为众人所喜爱的学生。 (2)不及物动词的过去分词作定语仅表示完成，不表示被动。 Because of drought，there are many fallen leaves (＝many leaves which have fallen)on the ground. 由于干旱，地上有很多的落叶。 When he woke up，it had been midnight and he saw the risen moon (＝ the moon which had risen)in the sky. 当他醒来时已是午夜，他看到了夜空中已升起的月亮。 二、过去分词作表语 过去分词作表语时位于系动词(如be，get，become，look，feel，seem等)之后，多表示主语的状态或状况，它所体现的是形容词的特性。 He looked worried after reading the letter. 看完信后，他显得忧虑。 When we heard of it，we were deeply moved. 当我们听到这件事时，我们被深深地感动了。 常见的作表语的过去分词有： amused愉快的　　　　connec