网络组织中领导成员交换与知识型员工组织公民行为.doc
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网络组织中领导成员交换与知识型员工组织公民行为
摘要:构建领导成员交换关系(leader-member exchange, LMX)与组织公民行为(organizational citizenship behavior, OCB)模型,采用计算实验方法,研究网络组织中的领导成员交换、团队成员交换(Team-member exchange, TMX)与知识型员工组织公民行为。研究结果表明:LMX对组织产出、个体层面公民行为(OCB directed toward individual)的正向影响显著;在LMX交换质量较高条件下,个体层面公民行为OCBI和组织层面公民行为OCBO(OCB directed toward organization)随着员工效用增加而显著增加,但当LMX交换质量较低时变化不显著;TMX对组织产出有正向影响,对于TMX质量较高的员工而言,其OCBO行为随LMX质量的增加而快速得到改善。在分配规则方面,当领导面对高效用和高质量TMX两类员工时,应优先向具有高效用的成员分配LMX质量,而后再选择对具有高质量TMX的成员进行分配。
关键词: 领导-成员交换;团队-成员交换;组织公民行为;网络组织
中图分类号:F272 文献标识码: 文章编号:
Abstract:The purpose of this paper is to construct behavior model involved leader-member exchange (LMX), organizational citizenship behaviors (OCB), and team-member exchange (TMX) in network organization. We found that: the quality of LMX positively relates to organizational productivity and OCB directed toward individual (OCBI); when having high-quality LMX, the speed of individual-level organizational citizenship behavior (OCBI) increases with the increased utility of employee (UE), and that is the same with the organizational-level citizenship behavior (OCBO); the quality of team member exchange (TMX) positively relates to organizational productivity. That means, the speed of OCBO with the quality of LMX is faster than in the low-quality TMX. Based on the UE to distribute LMX rather than on TMX quality, the increases of LMX quality have more effect on OCBI and OCBO.
Key words: leader-member exchange; team-member exchange; organizational citizenship behavior; network organization
知识型员工是指通过知识、信息的运用与创新,在工作中直接创造价值或增加附加价值的工作者[1]。与普通员工相比,知识型员工学历水平较高,更善于在工作中使用网络工具进行价值创造。同时其个性化需求和社交网络使用习惯的形成,也使得科层组织逐渐向网络组织转变[2]。
随着组织作为复杂系统的观点被普遍认可,从网络视角对知识型员工行为的研究受到关注[3]。但前人研究多集中于构建理论模型并提出研究假设,这种通过问卷收集数据检验假设的实证方法,在构建网络时存在较大缺陷。此外,前人研究大都是对组织公民行为相关问题的研究,难以提出关于组织结构与激励机制设计的建议。本文运用计算实验方法,在假设提出和模型构建的基础上,通过实验方法在复杂组织网络中模拟领导成员交换(Leader-member exchange, LMX)、团队成员交换(Team-member exchange, TMX)、员工效用等因素对组织公民行为(Organizational citizenship behavior, OC
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