《2017苏教版小学六年级英语毕业复习资料》.pdf
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语法知识
一.名词:名词单复数,名词的格
(一)名词单复数
1.一般情况,直接加-s,如:book-books,bag-bags,cat-cats,bed-beds
2.以s.x.sh.ch 结尾,加-es,如:bus-buses,box-boxes,brush-brushes,watch-watches
3.以“辅音字母+y”结尾,变y 为i, 再加-es,如:family-families,strawberry-strawberries
4.以“f 或fe”结尾,变f 或fe 为v, 再加-es,如:knife-knives
5.不规则名词复数:
man-men, woman-women, policeman-policemen, policewoman-policewomen,
mouse-mice
child-children, foot-feet, tooth-teeth, fish-fish, people-people, Chinese-Chinese,
Japanese-Japanese
不可数名词的复数就是原型: paper, juice, water, milk, rice, tea
(二)名词的格
(1) 有生命的东西的名词所有格:
a) 单数后加 ’s 如:Lucy’sruler my father’sshirt
b) 以s 结尾的复数名词后加 ’如:hisfriends’bags
c) 不以s 结尾的复数后加 ’s children’sshoes
并列名词中,如果把 ’s加在最后一个名词后,表示共有, 如:
Tom andMike’scar 汤姆和迈克共有的小汽车
要表示所有物不是共有的,应分别在并列名词后加’s
Tom’sandMike’scars 汤姆和麦克各自的小汽车
(2)表示无生命东西的名词通常用“of +名词”来表示所有关系:如:
apictureoftheclassroom amap ofChina
二.冠词:不定冠词,定冠词种类:
(1)不定冠词:a/ an aunit/ anuncle
元音开头的可数名词前用an :
an egg/ an apple/ an orange/ an eraser / an answer / an ID card/ an alarm clock / an actor / an
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第 页 共 页
actress / an e-mail / an address / an event / an example / an opera / an houran old man / an
interestingbook/ an exciting sport/ an action movie/ an art lesson/
(2)定冠词:the theegg theplane
2. 用法:
定冠词的用法:
(1)特指某 (些)人或某 (些)物: Theruler isonthedesk.
(2)复述上文提到的人或物:Hehasa sweater.The sweater isnew.
(3)谈话双方都知道的人或物:Theboysaren’t at school.
(4)在序数词前: John’sbirthday isFebruary the second.
(5)用于固定词组中: inthemorning/ afternoon/ evening
不用冠词的情况:
(1)专有名词前:Chinaisabigcountry.
(2)名词前有定语:this,that ,my ,your ,some,any ,no 等:
Thisismybaseball.
(3)复数名词表示一类人和事:Monkeyscan’t swim. They areteachers.
(4)在节日,日期,月份,季节前:Today isChristmasDay. It’sSunday.
(5)一日三餐前:Wehavebreakfast at 6:30.
(6)球类 棋类运动前:They oftenplay football after class.Heplayschessathome.
* 但乐器前要用定冠词:Iplaytheguitar verywell.
(7)学科名称前:My favori
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