湘湘GRE ARGUMENT写作讲义.doc

湘湘的GRE ARGUMENT写作讲义 1 argument的特点 Attack the logic C-conclusion A-assumption E-evidence 2 argument 整体结构 开头: 1归纳论点论据, 指明逻辑漏洞个数(提炼原文主干, 不要蜻蜓点水) 中间: 2, 3, 4 分类攻击各个逻辑错误---独立与组合 结尾: 5 总结归纳 3 如何写开头段 发起攻击: conclusion +evidence+ flaws PS: conclusion 出现在开头和结尾的情况占80%, 中间占10%, 先说后攻击再提出占10% 4 开头段的具体表达方式 Merely based upon the unfounded assumption and dubious/suspicious evidence, the statement draws the conclusion that…C…. To substantiate/support this conclusion, the arguer points out the evidence that …E…. In addition, he indicates that …E…. Furthermore, he cites the result of the recent survey in support of/in favor of this recommendation. At first glance/admittedly/concededly, this argument appears to be somewhat convincing, but further reflection reveals that it omits some substantial concerns that should be addressed in the argument. From the logical perspective, the argument suffers from N logical flaws. In this argument, the author concludes that…C.. To support his conclusion, the author points out that …E…. In addition, he infers that …E…. Furthermore, the arguer cites ….人/事… as a typical example in support of this recommendation. However, there alone do not/fail to constitute a logical argument in favor of its conclusion and fail to provide convincing support, making this argument sound and invulnerable. 5 如何写正文段 有些题目虽然错了, 但演绎顺序合理. 有些题目虽然错了, 但演绎顺序不合理. 6 正文段首句写法 The threshold problem with this argument is that… Another problem that weakens the logic of this argument is that… Before I come to my conclusion, it is necessary to point out the last flaw involved in this argument that… 7 结尾段的具体写法 To sum up, the arguer fails to substantiate his claim that …C…, because the evidence cited in the analysis does not lend strong support to what the arguer maintains. To make this argument more convincing, the author would have to provide more information with regard to …S1… Additionally, he would have to demonstrate that …S2…. Therefore, if the argument had included the given f