电瓶原理（Principle of the battery）.doc

电瓶原理（Principle of the battery） Principle of the battery The 2009-03-16 22:09 Principle and structure of lead-acid battery (1) .. A battery is an electrical chemical equipment that stores chemical energy and emits electricity when necessary. The main components of lead battery are as follows: Anode (peroxide. PbO2) - active substance Cathode plate (spongiform lead. Pb) - active substance Electrolyte (dilute sulfuric acid) - sulfuric acid (H2SO4) + water (H2O) The battery shell Isolation plate Other (hydraulic bolt, lid, etc.) One, the principle of lead battery and movement Lead-acid batteries in the anode (PbO2) and cathode (Pb) to the electrolyte (dilute sulphuric acid), between the poles will produce 2 v power, this is according to the principle of lead-acid batteries, through the charge and discharge, anode and electrolyte will change as follows: (anode) (electrolyte) (cathode) PbO2 + 2H2SO4 + Pb - PbSO4 + 2H2O + PbSO4 (discharge reaction) (peroxide) (sulfuric acid) (spongy lead) (anode) (electrolyte) (cathode) PbSO4 + 2H2O + PbSO4 - PbO2 + 2H2SO4 + Pb. Lead sulfuric acid (pb) 1. Chemical changes in discharge When the battery is connected to the external circuit, the dilute sulfuric acid will react with the active material on the negative and positive plate and produce the new compound lead sulfate. The sulfuric acid composition was released from the electrolyte, and the longer the discharge, the thinner the sulfuric acid concentration. If the concentration of sulfuric acid in the electrolyte is measured, then the quantity of electric power or residual quantity can be obtained. 2. Chemical changes in charge Due to the discharge in the anode, cathode plate produced by the lead sulfate can be decomposed when charging back into sulfuric acid, lead and lead oxide, thus gradually increased the concentration of electrolyte, also is the proportion of the electrolyte, and back to the front of the discharge concentration gradually, these changes show the active materi