基于遗传算法的PID整定与研究 本科毕业论文.doc

CHANGZHOU INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY 毕 业 设 计 说 明 书 题目：基于遗传算法的PID整定与研究 二级学院（直属学部）： 延陵学院 专业： 自动化 班级： 07自Y 学生姓名： 王思凡 学号： 指导教师姓名：张燕红 职称： 评阅教师姓名： 职称： 2011年 6月摘 要 PID控制是工业过程中应用最为广泛的一种方法，而遗传算法是模拟自然界遗传机制和生物进化论而成的一种并行随机搜索的最优化的方法，它将“优胜劣汰、适者生存”的生物进化原理引入优化参数形成的编码串连的群体中，按照所选择的适配值函数并通过遗传中的复制、交叉及变异对个体进行筛选，使得适配值高的个体被保留下来，组成新的群体，新的群体又继承了上一代的信息，又优于上一代，这样群体中的个体的适应度不断提高，从而得到全局最优解。通过适应度函数来确定寻优方向，与其他一些常规整定方法相比，遗传算法比较简便，整定精度较高。本文用遗传算法对PID进行整定与研究，对该系统进行了仿真，实验结果表明该种算法的有效性和优越性，也表明遗传算法是一种简单高效的算法，与传统的PID控制方法相比明显地改善了控制系统的各方面性能。 关键词 PID控制； 遗传算法； PID参数整定；Matlab； Abstract PID control is the most widely used industrial process in a way, the genetic algorithm is to simulate the genetic mechanisms and biological evolution in nature made of a parallel random search optimization method. It survival of the fittest theory of biological evolution optimized the parameters of the introduction of the encoding group in series.According to the adaptive value function which and through the heredity in duplication chooses, overlapping and the variation to the individual carries on screening, causes the adaptive value high individual to retain, forms the new community, the new community has inherited previous generations information, also surpasses the previous generation, in such communitys individuals sufficiency enhances unceasingly, thus obtains the globally optimal solution.Through the sufficiency function definite optimization direction, compares with other conventional installation method, the genetic algorithm is quite simple, the installation precision is high.In this paper, genetic algorithm for tuning PID and study the simulation of the system, experimental results show that the effectiveness and superiority of the kinds of algorithms, but also show that the genetic algorithm is a simple and efficient algorithm, and compared the traditional PID control method significan