毕业论文《镍钴净化液萃取分离工艺的研究》.doc

PAGE 摘要 本文研究了用溶剂萃取法分离镍钴的工艺条件。该方法是以P507体积分数为30%，TBP体积分数为5%，260#溶剂油体积分数为65%的有机相对镍钴溶液进行萃取分离。在一系列探索实验的基础上进行了单因素实验，初步确定了该方法的较佳工艺条件为水相pH4.5，反应时间7min，P507皂化率65%，相比O/A 1.5。在此条件下，钴的萃取率可达到95.5%，镍的萃取率为1%。通过正交实验，钴的最高萃取率为96.75%，镍的最低萃取率为1.2%。对正交试验结果进行极差分析，得出各因素对镍钴分离的影响由大到小依次是：水相pH、萃取时间、P507皂化率、相比O/A。然后进行模拟三级逆流萃取实验，三级逆流萃取产物萃余相中钴的萃取率为99.95%，而镍的萃取率为0.02%,钴镍分离良好。经过三级反萃，钴的反萃率可达到100%，而镍的反萃率可达到99.95%。根据正交试验与模拟三级逆流萃取实验的结果，并综合考虑产品中镍钴比和H2SO4溶液以及有机相的消耗量等因素，最终确定P507萃取分离镍钴溶液的最优工艺条件为：水相pH为4.5、萃取时间7min、P507皂化率65%、相比O/A 1.5。 该工艺流程短、能耗小、镍钴分离度高，萃取产物经检测钴镍比可达到2000以上，达到了萃取分离工艺的工业指标。 关键词：P507萃取 镍钴分离 正交实验 优化研究 ABSTRACT In this paper, we have researched using solvent extraction to separated nickel and cobalt and it’s process conditions. The method is based on volume fraction of P507 with 30%,260 # solvent oil volume fraction of 65%, TBP volume fraction of 5% . By orthogonal xperi-mental design and range analysis wo determined the better conditions for liquid pH 4.5, reaction time 7min, P507 saponification rate of 65%, phase ratio O/A = 1.5. By orthogonal experimental design and poor analysis of various factors on the impact of the separation of nickel and cobalt ，the order of main factors influence are: liquid pH, extraction time, P507 saponification rate, phase ratio O/A. And then proceed to simulate the three counter-current extraction experiments, the three counter-current extraction phase more than the product of extraction of cobalt extraction rate of 99.95 percent, while the extraction rate of nickel 0.02%, Co and Ni separation of After three back-extraction is good, cobalt stripping rate can reach 100%, while nickel back-extraction rate of 99.95% can be achieved. Orthogonal experiment and simulation through three counter-current extraction experiments, and considered more than nickel and cobalt products and H2SO4 solution and the organic phase of consumption and other factors, ultimately determine the P507 purification of nickel and cobalt extraction of the optimal solution conditions wer