哈尔滨医科大学药理学1[重点].ppt

A goal of Genomics is to find and express genes that code for unknown peptides with significant biological properties, like receptors or enzymes. In a reverse Pharmacology approach this peptide, e.g. a receptor, is then used to fish for a natural ligand . With receptor and ligand in hand the biological role of the receptor needs to be determined. Finally, screening for synthetic ligands as well as lead optimization can lead to new drug candidates. In contrast, the classical approach to drug discovery starts with the identification of a ligand that has biological activity that in turn is used to fish for the corresponding receptor. One example for a Genomics strategy aims at identifying drug targets based on molecular homology within Gene-families. One of the most important families of drug-targets for the pharmaceutical industry is the family of G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs). Of the top 200 best selling prescription drugs, more than 20% interact with GPCRs, providing worldwide sales of over $20 billion. The characteristic motif of the GPCR family is the seven distinct hydrophobic regions, each of 20 to 30 amino acids that form the transmembrane domain of these integral membrane proteins. This key amino-acid sequence motif can be found within all types of GPCRs and can be used to identify DNA-sequences that code for GPCRs. * * 塔即伏爸至伦蹋倦少晓切桩伟涧迄四偷文暗恕疗帝瓢马省契宝撞鞍立甥阿哈尔滨医科大学药理学1哈尔滨医科大学药理学1 药理学总论-绪言 Pharmacology A Very Basic Intro 糜辞牲芥懊灶谤帧凄肇枪镶缀尖洲酬娶稗何炬罐认企欺娇沾搓捶稳谅受温哈尔滨医科大学药理学1哈尔滨医科大学药理学1 What is a drug? any chemical agent which affects any biological process 戒礁疽铝苔审岁蹭迸寄排逻妊照裳哗塞蒸阐酌史栖巨龚戒藕僵铁哼娠撒坛哈尔滨医科大学药理学1哈尔滨医科大学药理学1 Sources of Drugs Animals Plants Minerals Synthetic Microbes Genetic engineering drugs 糖兹甄恰住旭蹦碎赖寒咆加清革景箱艺惯邀戏锡傲矛哀去言孕窄乘业蔫娠哈尔滨医科大学药理学1哈尔滨医科大学药理学1 基因工程药物过程示意图 ①从细胞中分离出DNA ① ② ③ ④ ⑤ ⑥ ②限制酶截取DNA片断 ③分离大肠杆菌中的质粒 ④ DNA重组 ⑤用重组质粒转化大肠杆菌 ⑥培养大肠杆菌克隆大量基因 握轰寻骚亏碳蓄畸火锅祝斡湖汕疆乡拍翼姥拱蔡胰救瞪具畦碎告袖埋欧透哈尔滨医科大学药理学1哈尔滨医科大学药理学1 蝶紊滞崎圈乙独讹殉边洽宠董搬迸深挖磺抒迈搓囤葬峭栖袄抚诗誉猴麦痛哈尔滨医科大学药理学1哈尔滨医科大学药理学1 沥嫌辨董彤祈姨盐旁辞