汉英句子翻译技巧（下）.ppt

困难克服了，工作完成了，问题也解决了。 要制造飞机，就必须仔细考虑空气阻力问题。 推荐我的是一位教授。 接见他的是一位秘书。 看树看果实，看人看作为。 The difficulties have been overcome, the work has been finished and the problem solved. Air resistance must be given careful consideration when the aircraft is to be manufactured. I was recommended by a professor. He was received by a secretary. A tree is known by its fruit, and a man is known by his actions. 第六章 句子翻译（下）——无主句译法 * * * 第四章：汉英词语的翻译 第六章：汉英句子翻译技巧（下） 一、教学目的：要求熟练理解句子的翻译技巧，从而在汉英翻译时做到通顺、准确。 二、教学过程： 重译法 语态变换法 无主句译法 翻译练习 English Department of KDNTC Huang Xin 7. 无主句译法 Chinese and English have different systems of subjects and predicates. Subjects in English are usually assumed by nouns, noun phrases or structures that have similar functions like nominal clauses, but in Chinese by a lot of other elements. The following is a list of the elements that act as subjects in Chinese. More can be got in the Note. nouns or noun phrases as subjects 春天过去了。一本五毛钱。工业和农业得到了大发展。长江一带是水稻产区。 (2) verbs or verb phrases as subjects 说比做容易。坚持下去就是顺利。专心地听才能听懂。 吃苦，他不怕。 (3) Adjectives or adjective phrases as subjects 勤俭是一种美德。甜滋滋的，挺好吃。 English Department of KDNTC Huang Xin A. Adding subjects: Since an English sentence usually requires a subject, the translator can add the subject that is omitted in the Chinese original when he translates a Chinese subjectless sentence. For instance, (1) 你一旦开始，就必须继续下去。 Once you begin, you must continue. （amplification) (2)活到老，学到老。 One is never too old to learn. English Department of KDNTC Huang Xin B. Using the empty subject “it”: “It” in English is always used for weather, time, and some other natural phenomena. Some of the Chinese subjectless sentences describing natural phenomena or time can be translated into English sentences with “it” being the subject. (3) 十点钟了，他还没有回来。 Its ten oclock now. He didnt return home yet. (4) 下雨了，我们快走吧。 Its raining now; lets hurry up. [1] [2] [3] [4] [5] [6] English Department of KDNTC Huang Xin C. Translating i