西医综合辅导班外科学详细笔记1（Western medicine comprehensive guidance course science detailed notes 1）.doc

西医综合辅导班外科学详细笔记1（Western medicine comprehensive guidance course science detailed notes 1） Surgery Study Chapter1 aseptic technique Sterilization (Physics) - kills all living microorganisms Disinfection (Chemistry) - antibacterial against pathogenic microorganisms and harmful microorganisms All microorganisms are not required to kill Operating rules Sterilization, toxic, (surgical instruments / articles) High pressure steam method Boiling method Burning method Drug immersion method Heavy formaldehyde fumigation Brush arm, upper arm 10cm Surgical area disinfection, incision around 15cm, cleaning center outside, infection wound, outside. Chapter2 hydropower balance Body fluid, water + solute (electrolyte and non electrolyte) Body fluid balance - a composition that is in a relatively constant state (dynamic equilibrium) Body fluid volume: adult males are 60%, females 50%, children 80%. Fluid: C internal solution (40%) C external fluid (20%) - plasma 5%, interstitial fluid (15% (functional C external fluid, nonfunctional C external fluid) Cationic mg / L anionic mg / L Na + 142 CL 103 K + 5 H2g 27 Ca 5 HPO4g2 2 Mg 2 was 1 Two. Regulation of body fluid balance () (1) water balance: kidney regulation (two) balance regulation of electrolytes; The normal value of 1, sodium 142145mmo1/L Intake (ML) and discharge (ML) Drinking water, 1000~1500, urine, 1000~1500 The food contains 700 dung and 150 The oxidation of food raw water 300 skin evaporation 500 Breathe 350 Total: 2000~2500 total: 2000~2500 2, potassium (1) 98% was less in cell (2) cell than in outer solution, but important in 3.5~5.5mmo1/L (3) the ability of kidney to regulate K + is very low 3, Cl -, HCO3 (1) or the mutual compensation (2) [HCO3 -] is the base for storing alkali and regulating acid-base balance Three, the metabolic imbalance of water and electricity (I) dehydration (); 1, hypertonic dehydration (primary dehydration) (1) the lack of water serum sodium fluid is Nacell hypertonic (2) the cause of disease