【2017年整理】免疫学名词解释英.docx

免疫名词解释历年题 1.??????? Recirculation of lymphocytes(淋巴细胞再循环)It means the continuous movement of lymphocytes across the sites through out blood and lymphatic vessels, and it is critical for the initiation and effector phases of immune response. 2.??????? hapten(半抗原) antigen which can combine with the corresponding Ab or sensitized T lymphocyte but can not evoke the immune response independently. 3.??????? TD-Ag(thymus dependent Ag) Ag stimulates B cells to produce Ab with the help of T cells and macrophage. 4.??????? TI-Ag(thymus independent Ag)Ag stimulates B cells to produce Ab without the help of T cells and macrophage. 5.??????? heterophile Ag(异嗜性抗原)common antigens shared by different species and play an important role in immunopathology and diagnosis. 6.??????? HVR(hypervariable region)超变区Most of sequence differences among antibodies are confined to three short stretches in the V regions of heavy and light chains are called HVR 7.??????? CDR(complementary determinant region)互补决定区The sequences of the antibodies form an antigen binding surface that is complementary to the three dimensional structure of the bound antigen It is also called complementary determinant regions. 8.??????? idiotype (独特型) Igs produced by each B cells clone possessing unique structure respectively in HVR or CDR, the unique structure is called idiotype of Ig. 9.??????? monoclonal Ab (mAb 单克隆抗体) It is prepared by hybridoma technique. Immunized spleen cells (B cells) fuse with myeloma cells and form hybridoma with property of proliferating Ab 10.??? conformational determinants 构象决定簇They are composed of amino acid residues are not in a sequence but become special juxtaposed in folded protein. They are usually on the surface of antigen and be recognized by B cells and Ab. 11.??? ADCC（antibody dependent cell mediated cytotoxicity）It is a process in which NK cells are target to Ab coated cells, resulting in lyses Ab coated cells .FcR Ⅲ is expressed on NK cell membrane and mediate