Cold Climate Wind Energy Outlook（寒冷气候风力能源展望）.pdf

Cold Climate Wind Energy Outlook Tomas Wallenius*, VTT, Finland; Göran Ronsten, WindREN AB, Sweden; Michael Durstewitz, IWES, Germany; Ian Baring-Gould, NREL, USA; René Cattin, Meteotest, Switzerland; Antoine Lacroix, NRCan, Canada; Lars Tallhaug, Øyvind Byrkjedal, Kjeller Vindteknikk AS, Norway; Esa Peltola, VTT, Finland; Andreas Krenn, Energiewerkstatt, Austria *VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland, Tekniikantie 4, 02044 VTT, Finland, tel. 00358400174953, email tomas.wallenius@vtt.fi Abstract: The markets for wind energy in cold climates are growing rapidly. Cold Climate (CC) areas are regions where significant icing events or periods with temperatures below the operational limits of standard wind turbines occur, which may impact project implementation, economics and safety. Sites with such characteristics cover large areas in, for example, China, Europe, and North America. The large-scale exploitation of cold climate sites has been limited by a lack of knowledge regarding special challenges and proven techno- economical solutions. This situation has started to change. While the adaption of technologies to low temperature operation has been fairly successful, icing of turbine blades has remained an obstacle that many wind turbine manufacturers are striving to overcome. Improvements in CC wind technologies are needed to reduce the higher economic risk, compared to standard sites, associated with deployment in these regions. Starting in 2002 International Energy Agency (IEA) set up an international collaboration, Task 19 - Wind Energy in Cold Climates, that collects and evaluates information covering aspects of turbine operation in low temperatures and icing conditions, for example, site assessment, economic and safety issues, and mitigation strategies. IEA Task 19 will in 2013, with China as a new member, start its