几种季铵盐阳离子表面活性剂对核盘菌的抗菌活性.pdf

2008, 10( 1): 99104 Chinese Journal ofP esticide Science 研究论文 于 婷, 尚玉珂, 石怀兴, 慕 卫, 刘 峰* ( , 271018) :采用菌丝生长速率法测定了 5种阳离子表面活性剂对从染病黄瓜植株上分离 核盘菌 Sclerotinia sclerotioru 菌丝生长 毒力, 及其对菌丝形态生物量菌核形成及萌发和菌体细胞膜 透性 影响结果表明, 十二烷基苄基二甲基氯化铵抑制菌丝生长 毒力较高, EC 值为 50 3. 92 g/ L, 与杀菌剂乙霉威毒力相当; 经阳离子表面活性剂处理后, 菌丝粗壮且呈念珠状; 随药 剂浓度 增大, 菌丝生长受抑制 程度增加, 菌丝生物量降低率可达 90%以上;在阳离子表面活性 剂 作用下, 菌核 数量与空白对照相比有所减少,但质量略有增加,而腐霉利处理菌核数量无明 显变化,但质量明显减少; 5种阳离子表面活性剂在 10 000 g/ L 浓度下均不能完全抑制菌核萌 发,而对照药剂腐霉利和嘧霉胺在 200 g/ L即可完全抑制菌核萌发 : 阳离子表面活性剂;核盘菌; 菌丝生长;毒力; 菌核萌发; 细胞膜透性 : S482. 2; TQ423. 121 : A : 2008 AntifungalActivity of Cationic Surfactants Quarternary Ammonium Salt on Sclerotin ia sclerotiorum * YU T ing, SHANG Yuke, SHIHuaix ing, MU W ei, LIU Feng (College ofP lant Protection, Shandong AgriculturalUniversity,Tai an 271018, Shandong Province,China) Abstract: The inhibition activity on yceliu grow th of 5 cationic surfactants and 3 fungicides against Sclerotinia sclerotioru (Lib. ) deBary w ere deter ined by yceliu grow th rate ethod in lab. And their effects on the pathogen s yceliu shape, sclerotiu for ation, sclerotiu ger ination, dry w eight of yceliu and e brane os otic potentialwere also studied. The results show ed thatdodecyl di ethyl benzyl a oniu chloride had the strongest inhibitory effect on ycelia grow th, its EC50 valuew as 3. 92 g/ L, which was si ilar w ith fungicide diethofencarb. A fter treated w ith cationic surfactants, the ycelia beca e stout and had onilifor appearance. As the concentration of the cationic surfactants increased, the inhi