《国际贸易》课件——1.外贸案例分析.ppt

2)CollectivePacking:Thisisalsocalledunitizationpackingforshipmentbywhichacertainnumberofsinglepiecesaregroupedtogethertoformbigpackingunitorarepackedtogetherinabigcontainer.Theuseofcollectivepackinggreatlyfacilitatesloadingandunloadingbymachines,raisestheutilityofportsandquays,andprotectsthegoodsbetter.Somecountriesevenstipulatethatcargotobeimportedmustbetransportincollectivepacking.Collectivepackingincludecontainer,palletsandflexiblecontainers(1)ContainerAcontainerisaverylargemetalboxusedfortransportingcargo.Itiswidelyusedinternationaltrade.Accordingtothesize,themostcommonlyusedcontainersare8×8×20footand8×8×40footcontainers.Accordingtothefunction,therearethefollowingtypeofcontainers:Drycargocontainer:theyareusedforcarryinggeneralcargoincludingdailyarticles,foodstuffs,machinery,instruments,householdelectricappliances,medicinesorvaluablegoods,theyaremostwidelyusedatthepresenttime.Refrigeratedcontainer:theyareusedforfrozenfoodstuffs.Thetemperatureinthecontainercanbeadjustaccordingtotherequirementoftheproducts.Opentopcontainer:theydonothaveatopcover.Loadingandunloadingcanbedonebyelevatingequipment.Theyaresuitableforheavyandbigcargosuchasmachinery,ironandsteelproducts.Flatrack/framecontainer:theydonothaveatoporsidewalls.Cargocanbeloadedorunloadedthroughthetwosidewalls.Theyareusedforextra-heavythatcannotbeloadedintodrycargocontainersandopentopcontainers.Livestock/cattlecontainer:theyarecoveredbymetalnetstomakeitconvenienttofeedtheanimalsandkeepaircirculating.Tankcontainer:theyareusedforcarryingliquidslikewine,oilandchemicals.Theyhavespecialstructuresandequipment.Theliquidscanbeputintothecontainerthroughthetopholesandtrainedfromthecontainerthroughthebottom