新技术在数控机床中的应用.doc

新技术在数控机床中的应用 内容摘要：一个国家数控机床的水平和拥有量是衡量其工业现代化程度、衡量国家综合竞争力的重要指标，而数控机床的核心技术正是数控系统。数控机床综合了当今世界上许多领域最新的成果，主要包括计算机信息处理、自动控制的伺服、机密机械、精密检测和智能化的传感、网络及通信等技术。这些技术的核心是由微电子技术向精密机械技术渗透所形成的机电一体化技术。数控机床的诞生和发展主要依赖于这些相关技术的问世和不断进步。传统的“电动机＋皮带轮＋速比齿轮”的主传动系统和“电动机＋齿轮减速器”的进给系统，其中间传动链形成的间隙误差直接影响到机床的加工精度。而电主轴、电滚珠丝杠、直线电机等新技术采用无中间传动环节的直接驱动方式，明显提高了数控机床的加工精度：除此之外，新技术的传动速度也很高，可满足现代工业对数控机床高效率加工的要求。在控制方面，开放式数控系统的应用增加了机床数控系统的柔性和适应性。详细介绍了有关新技术的结构、特点、工作原理以及在数控机床中的应用情况。 关键词：新技术；数控机床；应用 The application of new technology in numerical control machine tool Yanyanwei (Mechanical Department of Huanghe Science and Technology College 450013) Abstract : a national level of the numerical control machine and ownership is an important index to measure the degree of industrial modernization, to evaluate the comprehensive national competitiveness, while the core technology of CNC machine tools are CNC system. CNC machine tools in the world of the latest achievements in many fields, including computer information processing, automatic control, mechanical, precision servo secret detection and intelligent sensing, network and communication technology. The core of these techniques is from microelectronics to precision machinery technology penetration of mechatronics technology formed. The emergence and progress of the birth and development of CNC machine tools is mainly dependent on these related technologies. The traditional motor + pulley + gear ratio of the main drive system and the feed system for motor and gear reducer, the gap between the transmission chain errors formed directly affects the machining accuracy of machine tool. Electric spindle, and electrical new technology of ball screw, linear motor direct drive mode with no intermediate transmission links, improve the machining accuracy of NC machine tools: in addition, the transmission speed of the new technology was high, which can meet the requirements of modern industry for efficient processing of CNC machine tools. In the control, applicat