文艺复兴时期的人文主义、古典主义.ppt

The Renaissance Humanism 阮君 2011年12月15日 The renaissance and the Humanism Renaissance sprang as a result of rediscovery and restudy of the Greek and Roman civilization which is based on the conception that the man is the measure of all things, the man-centered culture. The Renaissance was marked by the spread of humanism. Humanism is the keynote (the great spirit ) of Renaissance. The origin of Humanism Renaissance humanism was an activity of cultural and educational reform engaged by scholars, writers, and civic leaders who are today known as Renaissance humanists. It developed during the fourteenth and the beginning of the fifteenth centuries, and was a response to the challenge of medieval scholastic education, emphasizing practical, pre-professional and pre-scientific studies. The main centers of humanism were Florence and Naples(那不勒斯). Rather than train professionals in jargon and strict practice, humanists sought to create a citizenry (sometimes including women) able to speak and write with eloquence and clarity. Thus, they would be capable of better engaging the civic life of their communities and persuading others to virtuous and prudent actions. This was to be accomplished through the study of the studia humanitatis（人文学科）, today known as the humanities: grammar, rhetoric, history, poetry and moral philosophy. What is humanism Contrary to the subordination(附属) of individuals to the feudal rules and the sacrifice of earthly life for a future life in the medieval society, Renaissance humanists found in the classics a justification to exalt human nature and came to see that human beings were glorious creatures capable of individual development for perfection. The main content of humanism Man is the measure of all things, man-centered culture Emphasize the dignity of human beings and the importance of the present life. Believe human beings were glorious creatures and man has the right to pursue personal happiness, knowledge and wealth. The features of