初中英语:八大时态讲解.docx
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英语八大时态:
一般现在时
现在进行时
现在完成时
一般过去时
过去进行时
过去完成时
一般将来时
过去将来时
一般现在时
标志:动词原形
情况
变形方法
读音
例词
一般情况
+s
清辅音后读/s/
浊辅音和元音后读/z/
swim--swims
help--helps
like--likes
辅音字母+o结尾
+es
读/z/
go--goes
do--does
s/sh/ch/x等结尾
+es
读/iz/
watch--watches
wash--washes
辅音字母+y结尾
变y 为i+es
读/z/
study--studies
特殊情况:have和be动词
变have 为 has
变be为am/is/are
have--has
be--am/is/are
表示经常性或习惯性动作,常与表频度的时间状语连用:
She often speaks English.
I leave home for school at 7 every morning.
造句练习:孩子们通常不喜欢家庭作业。
表示现在的状态、特征、职业、能力、感觉等:
He seems to feel a bit down today.
He works as a driver.
造句练习:她英语说得好。
表示真理、客观存在、科学事实或用于格言警句中:
Shanghai lies in the east of China.
Columbus proved that the earth is round.
Where there is a will, there is a way.
造句练习:地球绕太阳转动。
表示现在瞬间的动作:
Here comes the bus!
表示将来
表按规定、计划、安排将要发生的动作(仅限于某些表示“来、去、动、停、开始、结束、继续”等的趋向动词),可以与表示未来的时间状语搭配使用。常见的用法是:飞机、火车、轮船、汽车等定期定点运行的交通状况。如:
The next train leaves at 3 o’clock this afternoon.
How often does the shuttle bus run?
在时间和条件状语从句中常使用一般现在时表示将来发生的事情:
When Bill comes (不用will come), ask him to wait for me.
I shall go there tomorrow unless I’m too busy.
【练习题】
Nowadays, a large number of women, especially those who from the countryside, ___ in the clothing industry.
is working
works
work
worked
–What would you do if it ___ tomorrow?
--We have to carry it on, since we’ve got everything already.
A. rain
B. rains
C. will rain
D. is raining
一般过去时
标志:动词过去式
情况
变形方法
例词
一般情况
+ed
work—worked
不发音e结尾
+d
live—lived
辅音字母+y结尾
变y为i+ed
carry—carried
study—studied
supply—supplied
重读闭音节结尾且结尾只有一个辅音字母
双写最后的辅音字母+ed
plan—planned
stop—stopped
prefer—preferred
regret—regretted
特殊情况
不规则
flee—fled
fly—flew
run—ran
break—broke
*闭音节:元音字母a, e, i, o, u如果发字母本来的音则称为开音节,否则称为闭音节。
表示过去某时所发生的动作或存在的状态,常与表示过去的时间状语连用(e.g. yesterday, this morning, just now, a moment ago, in May, last night / year / week, once upon a time, the other day, before …, when …, in the past等)。如:
Jim rang you just now.
Liu Ying was in America last year.
表示过去经常或反复发生的动作,特别是used to do表达的句型,本身表示的就是过去常常。如:
When I was a kid, I often played football
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