毕业设计通信系统信道编码的设计与实现.doc
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通信系统信道编码的设计与实现
摘 要
扩频技术是扩展频谱通信(Spread Spectrum Communcation-SSC)的简称,它是随着在军事通信中的应用发展起来的,由于其具有其它一般通信方式不具备的抗干扰强,抗多径衰落好,保密性好等一系列的优点,因此近年来它在民用通信中的应用也开始越来越受到人们的重视。
信道编码是扩频通信的关键技术之一,是解决信号在信道中无差错传输的技术。本文主要研究内容包括:信道编码技术的研究背景,发展状况和现实意义。着重介绍了差错控制编码中的分组码,卷积码和Turbo码的编解码的理论基础以及具体硬件实现的过程。
卷积码是目前无线通信中比较多使用的一种编码方法,其优点是结构清晰,编码器硬件实现较容易且有比较好的查错纠错效果,但其解码器的设计比较困难,目前一般使用的是Viterbi译码器。Turbo码是接近香农限的一种编码方法,拥有及其优秀的降低误码率的性能,但也存在着结构复杂,解码困难的缺陷。
关键词 无线扩频通信道编码卷积码Viterbi译码Turbo码
Abstract
Spread Spectrum Communication (SSC) is developed with its application in military communication. It owns a lot of advantages that other communication system do not have. With the development of Spread Spectrum Communication technology, it gradually applied in civil communication widely.
Channel Encoding technology is one of the key technology in SSC. It aims to realize the non-error transmission of the signal. This paper discusses the background, history and the signification of the Channel Encoding technology. I mainly recommended the principle and hardware realization of Block coding, Convolutional coding and Turbo coding in this paper.
Convolutional coding is the common function in wireless communications. It has legible structure and good error-check and error-correct character, but the decoder of Convolutional coding is difficult and Viterbi decode now is the comparative good. Turbo coding has great character of error-check and error-correct and can almost reach the Shannon limitation, also it has complicated structure in both encoder and decoder.
Keywords Spread spectrum communication;Channel Encoding;Convolutional coding;Turbo coding ;Viterbi decoding
目
1 绪论 1
1.1 信道编码研究背景及意义 1
1.2 研究现状 1
2 信道编码概述 4
2.1 信道编码原理 4
2.2 差错控制编码 4
2.3 分组码 5
2.3.1 基本原理 5
2.3.2 线性分组码 7
2.3.3 循环码 7
3 信道编码的几种常用编码 8
3.1 卷积编码 8
3.1.1 卷积码的表示 8
3.1.2 状态流图 10
3.1.3 网格图 11
3.1.4 卷积码距离特性 12
3.1.5 卷积编码器的FPGA实现 12
3.2 Turbo码概述 16
3.3 Turbo编码器 16
3.3.1 递归系统卷积码RSC 17
3.3.2 交织与解解交织 18
3.3.3 块交织 18
3.3.4 PN交织 19
3.4 低密度奇偶校验(L
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