起重机本科生（毕业设计）.doc

PAGE 1 PAGE 2 摘 要 在我国，起重机的发展已有五十年的历史了，它是广泛应用在国民经济各领域的一种重要设备。随着工程建设和生产制造的结构物不断向模块化和大型化发展，单台起重机的起重性能已经很难满足吊装要求，多台起重机协同作业的需求开始逐渐增多。 本文基于QY25型汽车起重机对联合起重机的设计进行了研究，就联合起重机的起升机构中的卷筒进行了设计，对马达、减速器、联轴器、制动器进行了选择和校核；对回转机构的中心位置确定、回转支承选型、与回转支承配合的小齿轮进行了设计；对伸缩机构的型式和尺寸及计算方法做出了论述，对臂架的强度和稳定性进行了校核；在液压控制上，对于联合起重机的总体液压系统和各个支路进行了设计说明；对PLC控制系统设计给出了比较明确的设计方法，实现了联合起重机的从整体结构到控制的有机结合，对确定中、小型联合起重机设计方案，具有很强的现实意义。 关键词:联合起重机 ；起升机构；回转机构；液压系统；PLC ABSTRACT The design and production of the truck crane have more than 50 year’s history in our country. It is an important device widely used in the field of national economy,. With the construction and manufacturing developing to large-scale structures and modularity, The hoisting performance of a single crane is difficult to meet the performance requirements, more cranes have an growing demand for collaboration. In this paper, the design of united truck which is based on the QY25-type crane is studied in detail .The design method of the reel of the crane, which were selected and checked on the motor, reducer, couplings, brakes. The rotary organ of the positioning, rotary bearing selection , and the slewing ring with the design of small gears were discussed; Telescopic type and size of organization and method of calculation were made the discussion of the strength and the stability of the boom was checked. in the hydraulic control, the overall hydraulic crane for the joint system and conducted a design description of each branch. The PLC control system design is given a clearer way to achieve a joint structure of the crane to the control of the whole combination of determination. the small joint crane design, has a strong practical significance. Keywords: United Crane ; hoisting mechanism ; rotary body ; Hydraulic system ; PLC 目 录 1.绪论1 1.1概论1 1.2国内外起重机发展概况和发展趋势1 1.2.1起重机多协同作业现状1 1.2.2起重机的发展趋势2 1.3起重机现代设计方法概述3 1.4课题背景4 1.5课题任务5 2.技术参数的确定6 2.1主要性能参数6 2.2联合起重机参数的确定7 3.联合起重机结构设计8 3.1动力装置的选择与计算8 3.1.1概述8 3.1.2动力装置的选择与计算8 3.2底盘的选择9 3.2.1汽车起重机底