两株乙酰甲胺磷降解菌的分离鉴定及降解特性研究.doc

两株乙酰甲胺磷降解菌的分离鉴定及降解特性研究 于彩虹1 张显涛1 宋英男1 张帅1 路兴波2 孙红炜* （1.中国矿业大学（北京）化学与环境工程学院，北京100083； 2. 山东省农业科学院植物保护研究所，济南 250100 摘要：利用富集及驯化培养方法，从长期生产农药的企业废水处理系统及厂房周边的污染土壤和池水中，分离筛选出两株能够高效降解乙酰甲胺磷的菌株Y3、Y6。在形态特征和生理生化鉴定的基础上，对其16S rDNA序列分析寡养单胞菌Stenotrophomonas）和假单胞菌（Pseudomonas）。Y3、Y6在乙酰甲胺磷浓度分别为500 mg·L-1和1000 mg·L-1，培养温度30℃，初始pH 8.0，接种量为2.5%条件下，一周内可以将80%左右的乙酰甲胺磷矿化为磷酸根。外加葡萄糖及酵母膏对降解效率的研究表明，当酵母膏含量为1g·L-1时，降解效果最理想；而外加葡萄糖的量，会相对抑制农药的降解。抗性实验显示，Y3、Y6均可在较高浓度的其它有机磷类及氨基甲酸酯类农药的普通培养基中生长，对其它农药的抗性也比较广泛。植物侵染实验显示，Y3、Y6对试验中的豆科、禾本科、十字花科及葫芦科植物不具备致病性，说明Y3、Y6环境安全性较强。 关键词：乙酰甲胺磷；菌株；降解特性 Isolation, identification and degradation characteristics of two acephate-degrading bacteria Yu Caihong Zhang Xiantao1 Song Yingnan1 Lu Xingbo2 Sun Hongwei2 * (1.School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology(Beijing), Beijing 100083; 2.Institute of Plant Protection, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan 250100) Abstract: In this study, by the method of enrichment and domestication, we isolated two strains of bacteria designated as Y-3 and Y-6, respectively, from the wastewater treatment system of the pesticide enterprise as well as the soil and water around its workplace. The traditional morphology, physio-biochemical characteristics and 16S rDNA gene sequence analysis were applied to the bacteria classification. The characteristics of degrading acephate and the resistance of any other pesticides were also studied. The results showed that strains Y-3 and Y-6 were identified as Stenotrophomonas sp and Pseudomonas sp. With the initial acephate concentration 500 and 1000 mg·L-1, the initial pH value 8.0, 30℃, the ratio of bacteria suspension (OD600=2)2.5%, the completely degradation rates were both about 80%. The study also demonstrated that the optimum content of the yeast extract was 1g·L-1 , while the content of the glucose inhibits the degradation of acephate. The resistance experiments showed that, Y-3 and Y-6 could also be found in higher concentrations