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the brazilian pampa a fragile biome巴西南美大草原脆弱的生物群落.pdf

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Diversity 2009, 1, 182-198; doi:10.3390/d1020182 OPEN ACCESS diversity ISSN 2071-1050 /journal/diversity Review The Brazilian Pampa: A Fragile Biome Luiz Fernando Wurdig Roesch *, Frederico Costa Beber Vieira, Vilmar Alves Pereira, Adriano Luis Schünemann, Italo Filippi Teixeira, Ana Julia Teixeira Senna and Valdir Marcos Stefenon Universidade Federal do PAMPA-Campus São Gabriel. Av. Antonio Trilha, 1847-São Gabriel-RS-Zip: 97300-000, Brazil; E-Mails: fredericovieira@.br (F.C.B.V.); vilmarpereira@.br (V.A.P); als@.br (A.L.S.); phylippi@ (I.F.T.); anajuliats@ (A.J.T.S); valdirstefenon@.br (V.M.S.) * Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: luiz.roesch@.br; Tel.: +55-55-3232-6075; Fax: +55-55-3232-6075. Received: 17 November 2009 / Accepted: 9 December 2009 / Published: 21 December 2009 Abstract: Biodiversity is one of the most fundamental properties of Nature. It underpins the stability of ecosystems, provides vast bioresources for economic use, and has important cultural significance for many people. The Pampa biome, located in the southernmost state of Brazil, Rio Grande do Sul, illustrates the direct and indirect interdependence of humans and biodiversity. The Brazilian Pampa lies within the South Temperate Zone where grasslands scattered with shrubs and trees are the dominant vegetation. The soil, originating from sedimentary rocks, often has an extremely sandy texture that makes them fragile—highly prone to water and wind erosion. Human activities
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