Chapter 3 Government and the Commonwealth.pdf
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Guide to English-Speaking Countries
英语国家概况
The United
Kingdom of Great
Britain and
Northern Ireland
Chapter 3
Government and
the Commonwealth
英
语
国
家
概
况
Foreign Language Teaching and Research Press
A Guide to
English-Speaking
Countries
Political Parties
Constitution
Government
Election
The Commonwealth
I
II
III
IV
V
CONTENT
Foreign Language Teaching and Research Press
A Guide to
English-Speaking
Countries
Constitution
I
? Great Britain (UK) is a parliamentary
democracy with a constitutional monarch as
the head of state
? British Constitution is made up of:
? Statutory Law (成文法)
? Common Law (判例法)
? Conventions (习惯法)
Foreign Language Teaching and Research Press
A Guide to
English-Speaking
Countries
?
1.1 Statutory Law
?
passed by Parliament
?
example
? the Magna Carta (1215)
? the Bill of Rights (1689)
? the Reform Act (1832)
? the European Communities Act (1972)
? the European Communities (Amendment)
Act (1986)
Constitution
Foreign Language Teaching and Research Press
A Guide to
English-Speaking
Countries
?1.2 Common law
? deduced from custom or legal precedents
and interpreted in court cases by judges
?1.3 Conventions
? rules and practices which do not exist
legally, but are regarded as vital to the
working of government
1. Constitution
Foreign Language Teaching and Research Press
A Guide to
English-Speaking
Countries
Government
II
2.1 The Legislature
2.2 The Executive
2.3 The Judiciary
Foreign Language Teaching and Research Press
A Guide to
English-Speaking
Countries
2.1 The Legislature
Basic Structure of UK Central Government
Monarch
(non-political)
Legislature
—Parliament
Executive
Judiciary
(non-political)
House of
Commons
(political)
House of Lords
(semi-political)
Prime Minister
Cabinet
(political)
Ministers
Civil service
(non-political)
House of Lords
Court of Appeal
Foreign Language Teaching and Research Press
A Guide to
English-Speaking
Countries
2.1.1 Parliament
? Parliament
? the law-making body of Britain
? o
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