socioeconomic inequalities in childhood undernutrition in india analyzing trends between 1992 and 2005社会经济不平等在印度儿童营养不良分析趋势在1992年和2005年之间.pdf

Socioeconomic Inequalities in Childhood Undernutrition in India: Analyzing Trends between 1992 and 2005 1 2 2,3 2 Malavika A. Subramanyam *, Ichiro Kawachi , Lisa F. Berkman , S. V. Subramanian 1 Center for Integrative Approaches to Health Disparities, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America, 2 Department of Society, Human Development and Health, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America, 3 Center for Population and Development Studies, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America Abstract Background: India experienced a rapid economic boom between 1991 and 2007. However, this economic growth has not translated into improved nutritional status among young Indian children. Additionally, no study has assessed the trends in social disparities in childhood undernutrition in the Indian context. We examined the trends in social disparities in underweight and stunting among Indian children aged less than three years using nationally representative data. Methods: We analyzed data from the three cross-sectional rounds of National Family Health Survey of India from 1992, 1998 and 2005. The social factors of interest were: household wealth, maternal education, caste, and urban residence. Using multilevel modeling to account for the nested structure and clustering of data, we fit multivariable logistic regression models to quantify the association between the social factors and the binary outcome variables. The final models additionally included age, gender, birth order of child, religion, and age of mother. We analyzed