心血管内科题目（Cardiovascular medicine）.doc

心血管内科题目（Cardiovascular medicine） Cardiovascular medicine 1 、 STEMI the time window for thrombolytic therapy and the sign of successful thrombolysis Answer: time window: the onset time of 12 hours, ST elevation myocardial infarction, onset time was 12-24 hours, but if there were ischemic chest pain, extensive ST elevation can be considered. Direct basis for successful thrombolysis: direct judgment based on coronary angiography. The indirect basis of successful thrombolysis in ST segment elevation in the electrocardiogram after thrombolysis within 2 hours down to 50%; the chest pain in 2 hours disappeared; the thrombolysis within 2 hours after the reperfusion arrhythmia; the serum CK-MB peak value appeared ahead of time (14 hours). 2. What are the clinical features of left ventricular dysfunction? (1): the symptoms of different degree of exertional and paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea, orthopnea or acute pulmonary edema; the cough, sputum and hemoptysis; the fatigue, fatigue, dizziness and palpitation; the less urine and renal function damage symptoms. (2) signs: moist rale, double lung symmetrical fine rales, with mild to severe pulmonary rales, from the bottom to the whole lung confined to the lung; cardiac symptoms: General enlargement of the heart, can be heard and signs of diastolic gallop and basic heart disease. (3) x ray: pulmonary congestion sign: the pulmonary vascular image is enhanced, the upper pulmonary vascular image is increased, the lung field is blurred, KerleyB line (4) echocardiogram: EF value 50% or E/A1. 3. What are the clinical features of right ventricular dysfunction? Answer: (1) symptoms: digestive tract symptoms: abdominal distension, nausea and vomiting; exertional dyspnea; secondary to left heart failure or shunt congenital heart disease and lung disease; right heart failure. (2) signs: (1) edema, first appeared in the lower part of the body; the jugular vein sign, resulting in venous engorgement, pulsation enhancement, liver neck reflux sign