科技外文文献翻译-----什么是Web 2.0.doc

科技外文文献 What?Is?Web?2.0 Design?Patterns?and?Business?Models?for?the?Next?Generation?of?Software by?Tim?OReilly The?bursting?of?the?dot-com?bubble?in?the?fall?of?2001?marked?a?turning?point?for?the?web.?Many?people?concluded?that?the?web?was?overhyped,?when?in?fact?bubbles?and?consequent?shakeouts?appear?to?be?a?common?feature?of?all?technological? revolutions.?Shakeouts?typically?mark?the?point?at?which?an?ascendant?technology?is?ready?to?take?its?place?at?center?stage.? The?pretenders?are?given?the?bums?rush,?the?real?success?storis?show?their?strength,?and?there?begins?to?be?an?understanding? of? what?separates?one?from?the?other. The?concept?of?Web?2.0?began?with?a?conference?brainstorming?session?between?OReilly?and?MediaLive?International.?Dale?Dougherty,?web?pioneer?and?OReilly?VP,?noted?that?far?from?having?crashed,?the?web?was?more?important?than?ever,?with?exciting?new?applications?and?sites?popping?up?with?surprising?regularity.?Whats?more,?the?companies?that?had?survived?the?collapse?seemed?to?have?some?things?in?common.?Could?it?be?that?the?dot-com?collapse?marked?some?kind?of?turning? point?for?the?web,?such?that?a?call?to?action?such?as?Web?2.0?might?make?sense??We?agreed?that?it?did,?and?so?the?Web?2.0?Conference?was?born. In?the?year?and?a?half?since,?the?term?Web?2.0?has?clearly?taken?hold,?with?more?than?9.5?million?citations?in?Google.?But?theres?still?a?huge?amount?of?disagreement?about?just?what?Web?2.0?means,?with?some?people?decrying?it?as?a?meaningless ?marketing?buzzword,?and?others?accepting?it?as?the?new?conventional?wisdom. The?list?went?on?and?on.?But?what?was?it?that?made?us?identify?one?application?or?approach?as?Web?1.0?and?another?as? Web?2.0??(The?question?is?particularly?urgent?because?the?Web?2.0?meme?has?become?so?widespread?that?companies?are ?now?pasting?it?on?as?a?marketing?buzzword,?with?no?real?understanding?of?just?what?it?means.?The?question?is?particularly?difficult? because?many?of?those?buzzword-addicted?startups?are?